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Results of this study demonstrated expression of abundant melatonin receptors in conceptus and endometrium during early pregnancy. In gilts, expression of <jats:italic>melatonin receptor 1A<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>MTNR1A<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>MT1<\/jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>melatonin receptor 1B<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>MTNR1B<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>MT2<\/jats:italic>) increased in trophectoderm (Tr) and uterine luminal epithelium (LE) with advancing days during early pregnancy in a different manner. Melatonin increased proliferation and migration of porcine trophectoderm (pTr) cell, the percent pTr cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, and the expression of implantation\u2010related genes by pTr cells and endometrial luminal epithelium (pLE). Melatonin also attenuated the production of LPS\u2010induced pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines and tunicamycin\u2010induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress\u2010sensing proteins. The expression of <jats:italic>sirtuin 1<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>SIRT1<\/jats:italic>) as a potential target of melatonin increased between Days 9 and 14 of gestation. Co\u2010treatment with SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 and melatonin restored cell\u2010cell interactions through PI3K and MAPK signaling. Knockdown of <jats:italic>SIRT1<\/jats:italic> decreased the expression of implantation\u2010related genes, as well as migration of pTr and pLE cells. The expression of microRNAs regulated by SIRT1 was suppressed in response to melatonin. Furthermore, melatonin significantly increased lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2010reduced fertilization and embryogenesis in zebrafish model. These results suggest that melatonin may improve the uterine\u2010conceptus interactions via the regulation of SIRT1 during early pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T21:40:25Z","timestamp":1589838025000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Melatonin improves uterine\u2010conceptus interaction via regulation of SIRT1 during early pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Hyocheol","family":"Bae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changwon","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Institute of Animal Molecular 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