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It is characterized by dilation and leakage of choroidal vasculature, resulting in the accumulation of subretinal fluid, and serous detachment of the neurosensory retina. Numerous studies have demonstrated that melatonin had multiple protective effects against endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and blood\u2013retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown. However, the effect of melatonin on CSC, and its exact pathogenesis, is not well understood thus far. In this study, an experimental model was established by intravitreal injection of aldosterone in rats, which mimicked the features of CSC. Our results found that melatonin administration in advance significantly inhibited aldosterone\u2010induced choroidal thickening and vasodilation by reducing the expression of calcium\u2010activated potassium channel KCa2.3, and attenuated tortuosity of choroid vessels. Moreover, melatonin protected the BRB integrity and prevented the decrease in tight junction protein (ZO\u20101, occludin, and claudin\u20101) levels in the rat model induced by aldosterone. Additionally, the data also showed that intraperitoneal injection of melatonin in advance inhibited aldosterone\u2010induced macrophage\/microglia infiltration, and remarkably diminished the levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin\u20106 [IL\u20106], IL\u20101\u03b2, and cyclooxygenase\u20102), chemokines (chemokine C\u2013C motif ligand 3, and C\u2013X\u2013C motif ligand 1), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP\u20102\u00a0and MMP\u20109). Luzindole, as the nonselective MT1 and MT2 antagonist, and 4\u2010phenyl\u20102\u2010propionamidotetraline, as the selective MT2 antagonist, neutralized the melatonin\u2010induced inhibition of choroidal thickening and choroidal vasodilation, indicating that melatonin might exert the effects via binding to its receptors. Furthermore, the IL\u201017A\/nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB signaling pathway was activated by intravitreal administration of aldosterone, while it was suppressed in melatonin\u2010treated in advance rat eyes. This study indicates that melatonin could serve as a promising safe therapeutic strategy for CSC patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T16:23:20Z","timestamp":1650299000000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Melatonin prevents experimental central serous chorioretinopathy in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaixuan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen 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