{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T23:57:32Z","timestamp":1780617452445,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Accessible Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>What is known on the subject?<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Because the definition of spirituality is complex and has cultural and individual dimensions, it is important to be receptive to individual differences in the perception of spirituality during clinical practice of mental health nurses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Although enhancing spiritual care is beneficial to patients diagnosed with mental illnesses, the extrinsic (e.g., education) and intrinsic factors that would affect nurses' attitudes towards spiritual care have not been investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Notwithstanding the known impact of certain intrinsic factors (e.g., personality\u2010related) of mental health nurses on their coping strategies as well as their emotional and mental health, the link to their spiritual care attitudes has received little attention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds to existing knowledge?<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>This paper is the first to identify the beneficial impacts of extrinsic factors including postgraduate education, working experience, participation in palliative care education programmes, and spiritual care experience on spiritual care attitudes among mental health nurses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Certain intrinsic factors, including those personality\u2010related such as \u201cExtraversion,\u201d \u201cOpenness\/Intellect,\u201d \u201cConscientiousness,\u201d and \u201cAgreeableness,\u201d were also associated with higher awareness of providing spiritual care among mental health nurses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What are the implications for practice?<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The finding of an association of certain intrinsic factors with more positive attitudes towards spiritual care could encourage further studies to explore possible links between these factors and attitudes of spiritual care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Those less aware of the patients' spiritual needs may benefit through participating in relevant education and on\u2010the\u2010job training programmes that involves actual practice and collaboration in a multidisciplinary team.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although enhancing spiritual care can facilitate the communication of mental health nurses with patients diagnosed with mental illnesses, extrinsic and intrinsic factors that may influence their spiritual care attitudes remain unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To conduct a questionnaire\u2010based survey on mental health nurses from eight hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 239 psychiatric nurses were assessed based on (1) \u201cbig\u2010five Mini\u2010Markers\u201d questionnaire and (2) spiritual care attitudes scale on three components (i.e., core values, growth, and nursing) to investigate the associations of spiritual care attitudes with social\/occupational characteristics and personality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A positive attitude was significantly associated with working experience, higher educational level, previous participation in palliative care education programmes, spiritual care experience, and personality factors including \u201cExtraversion,\u201d \u201cOpenness\/Intellect,\u201d \u201cConscientiousness,\u201d and \u201cAgreeableness.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite demonstrating impacts of intrinsic factors (e.g., personality) on mental health nurses' spiritual care attitudes, other modifiable extrinsic factors (e.g., education) were important in enhancing their awareness towards spiritual care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implications for Practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings encourage further studies to explore possible links between intrinsic factors and attitudes of mental health nurses towards spiritual care as well as suggest benefits of continuing education and on\u2010the\u2010job training that involves actual practice and collaboration in a multidisciplinary team to provide spiritual care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T14:10:01Z","timestamp":1665756601000},"page":"481-491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Impacts of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on psychiatric nurses\u2019 spiritual care 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