{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:05:55Z","timestamp":1789131955474,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Changes to the curriculum of psychiatric and mental health nursing (MHN) since 1980 in the United Kingdom have seen a diminishing interest in psychosocial and psychodynamic approaches. The evolution of the curriculum is characterised by a gradual eradication of applied principles of psychodynamic, group and therapeutic community (TC) ways of working. It is argued that this drift in practice has been co\u2010terminus with a diminution of the quality of relational practice in MHN, especially in acute ward environments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A two\u2010stage integrative review was conducted. Stage 1 examined literature focusing on psychodynamic psychosocial MHN theory and practice. Stage 2 was a purposive examination of other source material not discovered in the Stage 1 review including biography, archived publications and letters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Stage 1, 20 papers met the criteria for inclusion. Papers were ranked by relevance (low, medium, high) and country of origin. The focus of the papers can be clustered under three thematic domains, (i) historical foundations of psychosocial MHN, (ii) psychosocial MHN education, (iii) psychosocial MHN practice. Overall, the yield of papers points to a lack of coherent description of psychodynamic psychosocial nursing practice. Stage 2 reveals a body of psychodynamic knowledge in the work of Peplau and Altschul, and the influence of TC practice. A close re\u2010examination of Skellern's 1957 paper, co\u2010authored with Rapoport, reveals the first iteration of the \u2018four cornerstones\u2019 of TC practice, and a key founding outline of psychosocial psychiatric nursing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mental health nurse education should develop a curriculum that revitalises core psychosocial principles and practices that are informed by psychodynamic and TC\u2010based knowledge. Key pillars for a new approach to psychosocial mental health nurse education are proposed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A re\u2010framed focus for MHN education should focus on relational practice, interpersonal skills development, group dynamics and experiential learning. Education and skills development in these areas will benefit patients and improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.70199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T12:07:07Z","timestamp":1789128427000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Foundations of Psychosocial Nursing and the Implications for Advancing Mental Health Nursing Education in the\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    \u2013 An Integrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6336-3317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary","family":"Winship","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education, Jubilee Campus University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.1.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02668734.2014.981851"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02668734.2015.1025425"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Psychiatric Nursing","author":"Altschul A.","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/nr.2020.e1718"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"316","volume-title":"Psychosocial Nursing: Studies From the Cassel Hospital","author":"Barnes E.","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2006.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15546"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"Transactional Analysis in Psychotherapy: The Classic Handbook to Its Principles","author":"Berne E.","year":"1961"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0279\u20103695\u201020031001\u201012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/mhp2010.04.13.7.24.c7648"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102648.1993.18040583.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102648.1985.tb00533.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0260\u20106917(86)90117\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0260\u20106917(86)90102\u20104"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/0260137880070204","article-title":"Experiential Learning: Some Theoretical Considerations","volume":"7","author":"Burnard P.","year":"1988","journal-title":"International Journal of Lifelong Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-7104-3","volume-title":"Teaching Interpersonal Skills","author":"Burnard P.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0260-6917(92)90007-B","article-title":"Defining Experiential Learning: Nurse Tutors' Perceptions","volume":"12","author":"Burnard P.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nurse Education Today"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","volume-title":"Hildegard Peplau: Psychiatric Nurse of the Century","author":"Callaway B.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102850.2011.01784.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102648.1994.20040635.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695\u201020240229\u201002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12796"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018726720952150"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102850.1997.tb00170.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.70097","article-title":"Letie Unfolded: A Relational Movement to Empower Flemish Mental Health Nursing and a Tribute to Hildegard Peplau","volume":"34","author":"Desmet K.","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1744987121997907"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.1976.tb00436.x","article-title":"Nurses in the Therapeutic Community","volume":"1","author":"Dietrich G.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102648.1978.tb00861.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33966\/hepj.2.2.13349"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","volume-title":"Making Room for Madness in Mental Health. The Psychoanalytic Understanding of Psychotic Communication","author":"Evans M.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0260\u20106917(91)90149\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02668739500700031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12690"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","volume-title":"Caring for Adolescents With Acute and Complex Mental Health Needs in Hospital Settings: Conceptualising and Enabling Nursing Identity, Task and Intervention","author":"Foster C.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12595"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12963"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","volume-title":"Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates","author":"Goffman E.","year":"1961"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102850.1996.tb00186.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12279","article-title":"Practice Nurses Mental Health Provide Space to Patients to Discuss Unpleasant Emotions","volume":"23","author":"Griep E. C. M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","volume-title":"Psychosocial Practice Within a Residential Setting","author":"Griffith P.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","volume-title":"Paper Presented at the International Society for the Psycho\u2010Analytic Study of Organisations Annual Conference","author":"Griffiths P.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102648.1997.1997025836.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"The Therapeutic Community in a Changing Cultural and Political Climate","volume":"10","author":"Hinshelwood R. D.","year":"1989","journal-title":"International Journal of Therapeutic Communities"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","volume-title":"Therapeutic Communities: Reflections and Progress","author":"Hobson R. F.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102648.1995.tb02730.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102702.1995.tb00010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","volume-title":"Social Psychiatry in Practice","author":"Jones M.","year":"1968"},{"issue":"6918","key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(56)91682-8","article-title":"Work Therapy","volume":"270","author":"Jones M.","year":"1956","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Social Rehabilitation: A Joint Project of Patients and Staff","volume":"104","author":"Jones M.","year":"1957","journal-title":"Nursing Mirror"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12620"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695\u201020210513\u201002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840902995288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643\u2010023\u201002344\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102850.1997.tb00182.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/02668739300700021","article-title":"The Psychotic Wavelength","volume":"7","author":"Lucas R.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","volume-title":"The Psychotic Wavelength","author":"Lucas R.","year":"2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1957.tb01193.x","article-title":"The Ailment","volume":"30","author":"Main T.","year":"1957","journal-title":"British Journal of Medical Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15598"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102648.1999.01000.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12180","article-title":"The Implications of Kristeva's Notion of the Abject in Understanding the Significance of Therapeutic Knowledge and Practice in Mental Health Nursing","volume":"22","author":"Mcsherry T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/TC\u201004\u20102024\u20100006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjp.12969"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbw165"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Annie Altschul","volume":"6","author":"Nolan P.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.116.184366"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","volume-title":"Interpersonal Relations in Nursing","author":"Peplau H. E.","year":"1952"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.2307\/3452092","article-title":"Interpersonal Techniques","volume":"62","author":"Peplau H. E.","year":"1962","journal-title":"American Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","volume-title":"Interpersonal Theory in Nursing Practice: Selected Works of Hildegard E. Peplau","author":"Peplau H. E.","year":"1965"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","volume-title":"Interpersonal Theory in Nursing Practice: Selected Works of Hildegard E. Peplau","author":"Peplau H. E.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","unstructured":"Peplau H. E.1998.\u201cLetter 28.3.1998 \u201d."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02668734.2024.2340445"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323251401829"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","volume-title":"The Community as Doctor","author":"Rapoport R. N.","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2390590"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002076400004600405"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102648.1982.tb00264.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695\u201020250108\u201001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","volume-title":"Scenes From Bedlam","author":"Russell D.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0075417X.2023.2175227"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","volume-title":"By Word of Mouth","author":"Seldon A.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840802129087"},{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","first-page":"426","article-title":"A Therapeutic Community","volume":"51","author":"Skellern E.","year":"1955","journal-title":"Nursing Times"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12702"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.1982.tb00225.x","article-title":"Psychotherapy by Nurses","volume":"7","author":"Strang J.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Advanced Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2024.100180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","volume-title":"The Voice of the Past","author":"Thompson P.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-37504-1","volume-title":"A Step\u2010By\u2010Step Guide to Conducting an Integrative Review","author":"Toronto C. E.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","volume-title":"Developments in Pre\u2010Registration Nursing Education. An International Perspective","author":"Tyrell M. P.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523\u2010536x.1990.tb00717.x"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","first-page":"622","article-title":"Staff Nurse Perceptions of the Impact of Mentalization\u2010Based Therapy Skills Training When Working With Borderline Personality Disorder in Acute Mental Health: A Qualitative Study","volume":"22","author":"Warrender D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.13236"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_95_1","volume-title":"Commitment and Growth: Advancing Mental Health Nursing Now and for the Future","author":"Watkins M.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102648.2005.03621.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/TC\u201005\u20102017\u20100015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12717"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1080\/02668739500700271","article-title":"Nursing and Psychoanalysis \u2010 Uneasy Alliances?","volume":"9","author":"Winship G.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.1996.tb00126.x","article-title":"Psychodynamics and Psychobiology in the US and UK \u2010 Editorial","volume":"3","author":"Winship G.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_101_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Taking Anarchy seriously. The 4th strain of organisational, therapeutic and psychic progress","volume":"29","author":"Winship G.","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Therapeutic Communities"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102850.1999.00216.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2007.01057.x","article-title":"Perspectives on the Prevalence and Treatment of Personality Disorder","volume":"14","author":"Winship G.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2019.1673794"}],"container-title":["Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpm.70199","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jpm.70199","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpm.70199","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T12:07:17Z","timestamp":1789128437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpm.70199"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":103,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpm.70199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpm.70199","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0126","1365-2850"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0126","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2850","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jpm.70199"}}