{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T09:19:24Z","timestamp":1712567964642},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,30]],"date-time":"2013-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to determine the diurnal composition and concentration of volatile fatty acids (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VFA<\/jats:styled-content>) and to determine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VFA<\/jats:styled-content> composition and concentration differences between stomach compartment 1 (C1) and caecum of alpacas fed grass and alfalfa hay. The study was divided into two experiments. In Experiment 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EXP<\/jats:styled-content> 1), 10 male alpacas (3+ years old, 65\u00a0kg\u00a0BW) were divided into two groups, housed in drylot pens, provided <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> water and fed alfalfa (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AH<\/jats:styled-content>) or grass hay (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>) for 30\u00a0days. The alpacas were slaughtered and the digestive tract collected, divided into sub\u2010tract sections, weighed and digesta sampled for pH, dry matter (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NDF<\/jats:styled-content>. Volatile fatty acid composition and concentration were determined on C1 and caecal material. Four adult male (3+ years old, 60\u00a0kg\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BW<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>1 fistulated alpacas were housed in metabolism crates and divided into two forage groups for Experiment 2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EXP<\/jats:styled-content> 2). Alpacas were fed the forages as in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EXP<\/jats:styled-content> 1. Diurnal C1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VFA<\/jats:styled-content> samples were drawn at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24\u00a0h post\u2010feeding. There were no differences between forages for tract weight, C1 and caecum digesta <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NDF<\/jats:styled-content>. Differences were noted (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) for pH between forages and sub\u2010tract site. Volatile fatty acids concentrations were different (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) for forage and site, and total VFA was higher for AH than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content> (110.6 and 79.1\u00a0m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) and C1 than caecum (40.7 and 27.6\u00a0m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). Proportion of VFA was significant (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) for forage and site, C1 acetate highest for GH (84.8 vs. 74.0\u00a0m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) and caecum acetate 83.7 and 76.2\u00a0m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> for GH and AH respectively. These data demonstrate the level of VFA produced in C1 and the caecum of alpacas and the diurnal VFA patterns. Composition of VFA is similar to other ruminant species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,30]],"date-time":"2013-12-30T06:50:50Z","timestamp":1388386250000},"page":"908-913","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Volatile fatty acid profile for grass hay or alfalfa hay fed to alpacas (<i>Vicugna pacos<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"C. L.","family":"Oldham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham, Young University Provo UT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. F.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham, Young University Provo UT USA"},{"name":"The Camelid Center Moroni UT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z. 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