{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T12:06:09Z","timestamp":1769169969254,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]],"date-time":"2016-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Aflatoxin B1<\/jats:sub> (AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub>) is a common feed contaminant that adversely affects bird performance and product quality. A total of 600 7\u2010day\u2010old quail chicks were randomly allotted to eight experimental groups in a completely randomized design with five replicate pens and 15 quails per pen. Experimental treatments including two levels of AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> (0 and 2.5\u00a0mg\/kg) and 4 levels of Nigella sativa (NS<\/jats:styled-content>)<\/jats:italic> (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of diet) were offered from 7 to 35\u00a0days of age to quail chicks. Although feeding of AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> impaired gain (G) and feed conversion ratio, dietary NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> increased G (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). Relative weight of bursa of Fabricius increased with incremental levels of NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> decreased the size of heart, but incremental levels of NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> increased the relative weight of heart (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). The liver hypertrophy was observed in birds receiving AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). The birds in AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> group had smaller testes than other groups (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). Hematocrit value in birds fed AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> was lower than that in other groups (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05) and incremental levels of NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> increased blood hematocrit (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). Amount of malondialdehyde (MDA<\/jats:styled-content>) in meat samples of the birds fed AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> was higher than those did not receive toxin but incremental levels of NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> decreased the MDA<\/jats:styled-content> concentration in affected birds (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> suppressed the humoral immunity of the birds while NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> augmented the antibody titres against sheep red blood cell and Newcastle disease virus antigens (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> decreased lactic acid bacteria (LAB<\/jats:styled-content>) and spore\u2010forming bacteria (SFB<\/jats:styled-content>) but increased Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>; p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). However, NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> increased LAB<\/jats:styled-content> and SFB<\/jats:styled-content> but decreased the E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> populations (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). This study revealed that NS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> as a biological detoxifier could relatively attenuate the negative effects of AFB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub> in\u00a0quails.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]],"date-time":"2016-08-24T09:12:55Z","timestamp":1472029975000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Nigella sativa<\/i> (black cumin seed) as a biological detoxifier in diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"A. A.","family":"Rasouli\u2010Hiq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture University of Zabol Zabol Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Bagherzadeh\u2010Kasmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture University of Zabol Zabol Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture University of Zabol Zabol Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Karimi\u2010Torshizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Effect of Protexin probiotics supplementation to aflatoxin contaminated diet on performance of Japanese quail","volume":"17","author":"Aftabi M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Production"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1309"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2008-00097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00231a083"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2015.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2011-01830"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"Aflatoxin detoxification potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Iranian poultry","volume":"13","author":"Bagherzadeh\u2010Kasmani F.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00045a019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.10.1519"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-4565.2010.00228.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2009.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/22717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2010-00864"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"511","article-title":"Evaluation of aflatoxin toxicity in Japanese quails given various doses of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate","volume":"48","author":"Eraslan G.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"929","article-title":"Black cumin (Nigella sativa) and its constituent (thymoquinone): a review on antimicrobial effects","volume":"17","author":"Forouzanfar F.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2012-02170"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2014.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2012.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03591"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-957994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/84.6.933"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"950","article-title":"Thymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications","volume":"17","author":"Khader M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2008.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on performance of broilers fed aflatoxin contaminated diet","volume":"17","author":"Mohammadi F.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Production"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"481","article-title":"Note on the effects of aflatoxin on testis in poultry","volume":"52","author":"Mohiddin S. 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