{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:43:05Z","timestamp":1791996185898,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to public health hazards of subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in poultry feed, there is a need for alternatives. <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> is a phytobiotic, which is reported to possess antimicrobial and immuno\u2010modulatory properties. This study aimed to investigate effects of <jats:italic>M.\u00a0oleifera<\/jats:italic> leaf powder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content>) supplementation on growth performance and intestinal microarchitecture of broiler chickens. Day\u2010old broiler chicks (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0100) were randomly divided into five groups with four replicates each having five birds. Birds were fed a corn\u2010based basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.5% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content>. Body weight and feed conversion ratio were recorded on weekly basis. On day 35, two birds per replicate were selected to collect samples of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecal tonsils and bursa of Fabricius. Tissue samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin or combined alcian blue and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAS<\/jats:styled-content> technique. Supplementation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content> had no effect on feed intake, feed conversion ratio, bursa weight and intra\u2010epithelial lymphocytes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IEL<\/jats:styled-content>) count. Birds fed with 1.2% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content> had higher (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) body weight, length and empty weight of small intestine, and weight of empty and filled ceca. Villus height (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), villus surface area (duodenum) and villus height:crypt depth (ileum) were higher (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in 1.2% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content> group compared with non\u2010supplemented group. In duodenum, total goblet cell count was higher (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in all the supplemented groups when compared with non\u2010supplemented birds. Acidic mucin count was higher (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of 1.2% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content> group compared with the control group. Bursal follicle count was higher (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in 1.2% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content> group compared with non\u2010supplemented group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 1.2% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOLP<\/jats:styled-content> modulated intestinal microarchitecture and acidic mucin production without any apparent effect on growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T08:45:11Z","timestamp":1497861911000},"page":"114-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Effect of <i>Moringa oleifera<\/i> leaf powder supplementation on growth performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Histology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Zaneb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Histology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Masood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Histology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Yousaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. F.","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Histology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3906\/vet-1211-40"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"447","article-title":"Moringa oleifera leaf extract imposes better feed utilization in broiler chicks","volume":"30","author":"Akhouri S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Biological and Chemical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of Catharanthus roseus on gross and micro\u2010structure of selected of internal organs of broilers","author":"Anwar S.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"84","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of Moringa oleifera powder for growing poultry","volume":"89","author":"Ashong J. O.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2008-00244"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","volume-title":"Bancroft's Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques","author":"Bancroft J. D.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/bajopas.v3i1.58706"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"CoppinJ. 2008:A study of the nutritional and medicinal values of Moringa oleifera leaves from sub\u2010Saharan Africa: Ghana Rwanda Senegal and Zambia. Master's Thesis. New Brunswick NJ: The State University of New Jersey USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/njnpm.v5i1.11723"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.4.618"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"European Commission Regulation 1831\/2003:http:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2003\/1831\/oj;Official Journal L 268 18\/10\/2003 0029 \u2013 0043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/CJAS09048"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-009-9485-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"Junqueira's Basic Histology: Text & Atlas","author":"Mescher A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-011-9063-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/86.3.488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","volume-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th revised editoin","author":"National Research Council","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","unstructured":"Nkukwana T. 2012:The Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal on Growth Performance Gut Integrity Bone Strength Quality and Oxidative Stability of Meat from Broiler Chickens. Thesis. University of Fort Hare Alice South Africa."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2014.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hepatosomatic index, intestinal length and condition factor of Clarias gariepinus fed Moringa oleifera leaf meal diets","volume":"7","author":"Odedeyi D.","year":"2014","journal-title":"New York Science Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcbee.2014.03.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","volume-title":"Histology: a text and atlas with correlated cell and molecular biology","author":"Ross M. 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