{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T10:37:28Z","timestamp":1762252648911,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]],"date-time":"2017-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of standardized ileal digestible (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SID<\/jats:styled-content>) leucine and valine levels on tibiotarsus bone characteristics and the incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia of broilers from day 1 to 21 (Experiment I) and day 21 to 42 post\u2010hatch (Experiment <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>). Each experimental phase was evaluated independently. In both experiments, a total of 1,500 one\u2010day\u2010old Cobb 500 male broiler chickens were distributed in a completely randomized design 5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a05 factorial arrangement for a total of 25 treatments. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SID<\/jats:styled-content> leucine and valine levels were ranged from 10.0 to 19.6\u00a0g\/kg, and 6.0 to 12.0\u00a0g\/kg from day 1 to 21 post\u2010hatch, respectively, while day 21 to 42 post\u2010hatch ranged from 10.0 to 18.0\u00a0g leucine\/kg, and 5.2 to 11.2\u00a0g valine\/kg. Serum calcium and phosphorus, bone concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and ash, diameter and Seedor index of the tibiotarsus were not affected (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05) by the treatments at 21 or 42\u00a0days of age. There was an interaction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264.06) between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SID<\/jats:styled-content> levels of leucine and valine on tibiotarsus breaking strength at 21\u00a0days, but not at 42\u00a0days of age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). Tibiotarsus breaking strength was maximized in broilers from day 1 to 21 with the dietary levels of leucine and valine at 14.2 and 9.0\u00a0g\/kg respectively. Dietary leucine levels reduced linearly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) the hypertrophic zone of tibiotarsus cartilage at 21\u00a0days of age. Therefore, leucine and valine supplementation interact positively on bone strength of broilers from day 1 to 21 post\u2010hatch. Leucine can be a useful amino acid for reducing the hypertrophic cartilage zone in broilers from day 1 to 21, but not from day 21 to 42 post\u2010hatch.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]],"date-time":"2017-11-29T17:26:42Z","timestamp":1511976402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Tibiotarsus bone characteristics and tibial dyschondroplasia incidence of broilers fed diets supplemented with leucine and valine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6457-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. C.","family":"Ospina\u2010Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1  Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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C.","family":"Pozza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1  Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. C.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1  Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","year":"2006","author":"AOAC","key":"e_1_2_5_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-498-8_21"},{"volume-title":"Statistics for Experimenters: An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis and Model Building","year":"1987","author":"Box G. E. 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