{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T17:57:44Z","timestamp":1776621464975,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]],"date-time":"2018-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007352","name":"Staatssekretariat f\u00fcr Bildung, Forschung und Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to seasonal changes in the quality and quantity of herbage, the nutrient supply to grazing dairy cows is not always sufficient, which may increase their metabolic load. To investigate the temporal pattern of behavioural changes in relation to concomitant metabolic alterations, we subjected 15 multiparous early lactating Holstein dairy cows (24 (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> 7.4) days in milk) to a short\u2010term metabolic challenge, which we provoked by abruptly withdrawing concentrate for 1\u00a0week. Cows grazed full\u2010time and were supplemented with concentrate in experimental week (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content>) 1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 3, whereas concentrate was withdrawn in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 2. We analysed milk and blood samples to characterise the metabolic changes and found that the total yield of milk and protein decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and fat yield, fat\u2010to\u2010protein ratio and acetone content increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 1 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 2. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were lower (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), and concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and beta\u2010hydroxybutyrate were higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 2 compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 1. Apart from ingestive and rumination behaviour and activity, we also monitored the use of an automated brush on pasture. While time spent eating and ruminating increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 2 compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 1, time spent idling decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Concomitantly, while time standing and moving increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 1 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 2, walking time decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The daily proportion of cows using the automated brush decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 2 compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EW<\/jats:styled-content> 1, as did the duration of brushing per day. In conclusion, grazing cows experiencing a metabolic challenge try to compensate for the nutrient deficiency by increasing eating time, a behavioural element important for short\u2010term survival. Due to the strong impact of weather conditions, we cannot currently recommend observation of outdoor brushing activity to address short\u2010term alterations in the metabolic state of grazing cows.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,16]],"date-time":"2018-06-16T04:09:11Z","timestamp":1529122151000},"page":"1120-1130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Physiological and behavioural responses of grazing dairy cows to an acute metabolic challenge"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Esther","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Agroscope  Posieux Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"M\u00fcnger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agroscope  Posieux Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roi","family":"Mandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine Robert H. 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