{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:43:39Z","timestamp":1785797019136,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,25]],"date-time":"2019-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of a probiotic and a synbiotic on the morphometric parameters of the small intestine of broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted on three hundred sixty, one\u2010day\u2010old female Ross 308 chicks, which were randomly selected from 20,000 birds and divided into three treatment groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0120) with ten replicates per treatment. The control group (C) was fed a commercial diet, the probiotic group (PRO) was fed the same diet with an added 1% of the probiotic Lavipan\u00ae (<jats:italic>Lactococcus lactis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Carnobacterium divergens<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lactobacillus casei<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>), and the synbiotic group (SYN) was fed the commercial diet with an added synbiotic: 0.8% of the prebiotic RFO (extracted from lupin seeds) and 1% Lavipan\u00ae. According to the manufacturer's data, apart from the typical probiotic action,microorganisms contained in the preparation release anti\u2010bacterial substances (hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins) and, therefore, are antagonistic towards pathogenic bacteria present in the gut of animals. Supplementation took place in the first seven days of rearing, and all birds had <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> access to water and feed during the 42\u00a0days of the experiment. On the last day, all birds were slaughtered and samples from three segments of the small intestine were taken. Villi area, height, width and crypt depth ratios were read using Multiscan software. Synbiotic supplementation increased the BWG of broilers from first to tenth day of rearing, compared to the control group. The PRO group had improved villi morphometric parameters of the duodenum. In the jejunum and ileum, both bioactive substances improved villus width and villus surface area. Crypts were deeper in the small intestine of birds supplemented with bioactive substances, which allows greater renewal of the villi. As expected, the intestinal morphometric parameters of broiler chickens benefited from bioactive substance supplementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,25]],"date-time":"2019-09-25T19:03:35Z","timestamp":1569438215000},"page":"1785-1791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Microstructure of the small intestine in broiler chickens fed a diet with probiotic or synbiotic supplementation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5298-1144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Bogucka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Physiotherapy and Nutrition UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0990-7739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Miguel","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra Agricultural College of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal"},{"name":"LEAF Linking Landscape, Environment Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7481-1701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Bogus\u0142awska\u2010Tryk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Physiotherapy and Nutrition UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6931-919X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Dankowiakowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Physiotherapy and Nutrition UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3609-2483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ros\u00e1rio Pl\u00e1cido Roberto","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra Agricultural College of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal"},{"name":"CERNAS \u2010 Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society Coimbra Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4515-193X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Bednarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetic UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2016.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2008-00244"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms9112205"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2009.00933.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of a synbiotic (Biomin\u00aeIMBO) on growth performance traits of broiler chickens","volume":"79","author":"Aziz Mousavi S. 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