{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T14:26:36Z","timestamp":1784903196447,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014M562464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014M562464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of deficient or excess of dietary threonine (Thr) levels on intestinal integrity and barrier function of broilers. A total of 432 1\u2010day\u2010old commercial broilers (Arbor Acre) were assigned to four experiment groups consisting of six replicates of 18 birds. The treatments were designed as follows: 85%, 100%, 125% and 150% of NRC (Nutrient requirements of poultry (9th edn). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1994) recommendations. The results indicated that expressions of jejunal and ileal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) mRNA were increased linearly or quadratically by increasing Thr (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), and the highest sIgA mRNA abundance was obtained in 125% Thr level. Likewise, the intestinal sIgA content showed similar increasing trend with the intestinal sIgA gene expression in this instance. The high level of Thr inclusion upregulated mucin 2 (MUC2) mRNA expression in the jejunum and ileum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). In addition, on day 21, the expression levels of jejunal zonula occludens\u20102 (ZO\u20102) and ileal zonula occludens\u20101 (ZO\u20101) decreased then increased with increasing Thr level (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), whereas, the mRNA expressions of occludin in the jejunum and ileum had no significant difference amongst groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;.05). On day 42, Thr treatments did not affect the mRNA abundance of measured genes in the jejunum and ileum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). These findings suggested that Thr might be a nutrient immunomodulator that affects intestinal barrier function, moreover, 125% of the NRC (1994) recommendations Thr level was optimum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T05:44:23Z","timestamp":1566452663000},"page":"1792-1799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A deficient or an excess of dietary threonine level affects intestinal mucosal integrity and barrier function in broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Shuyun","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuxue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6656-2231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuna","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis","author":"Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC)","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12559"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2011-01574"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"449","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of intestinal mucus on bacterial adherence to cultured intestinal epithelial cells after surface burns","volume":"113","author":"Bai X.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chinese Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-012-1325-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.11.6164"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2010.517251"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew240"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114518000740"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/73.6.1131S"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex185"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.3.486"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Gastrointestinal mucus","volume":"2","author":"Forstner J. 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