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Among these alternatives, the organic acids or simply acidifiers play an important role in gut health in animals. The acidifiers could be used to favourably manipulate the intestinal microbial populations and improve the immune response, hence perform an activity similar to antibiotics in food animals in countering pathogenic bacteria. Acidifiers also improve the digestibility of nutrients and increase the absorption of minerals. The incorporation of organic acids also leads to thinning of the intestinal lining which facilitates better absorption of nutrients and its efficient utilization. However, their effect will not be similar among all types of organic acids as their mechanism of activity is based on its pKa value. Moreover, there are claims about the neutralization of acids by the secretion of bicarbonates in the initial part of intestine, reactivity with metallic items in feed mills and reduced palatability due its bitter taste demands non\u2010reactive and targeted delivery for better performance. Currently, coated salts of acidifiers are available commercially for use in food animals especially pigs and poultry. The present review highlights the role of different acidifiers in livestock nutrition with their potent applications in improving nutrient digestibility, mineral utilization, meat quality, enhancing immunity, antimicrobial effects in countering pathogenic bacteria, boosting performance and production, and thus safeguarding health of livestock animals and poultry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T11:10:01Z","timestamp":1578481801000},"page":"558-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["Role of acidifiers in livestock nutrition and health: A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Beulah Vermilion","family":"Pearlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction ICAR\u2010Central Avian Research Institute Izatnagar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanmathy","family":"Muthuvel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction ICAR\u2010Central Avian Research Institute Izatnagar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabakar","family":"Govidasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction ICAR\u2010Central Avian Research Institute Izatnagar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manojkumar","family":"Villavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Nutrition ICAR\u2010Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8020-0971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Alagawany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science Faculty of Agriculture Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayada","family":"Ragab Farag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuldeep","family":"Dhama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology ICAR\u2010Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar Bareilly India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7120-3161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marappan","family":"Gopi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction ICAR\u2010Central Avian Research Institute Izatnagar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2008.215.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2016\/4.5.271.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2010\/479485"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Exogenous enzymes and organic acids in the nutrition of broiler chicks: effects on growth performance and in vitro and in vivo digestion","author":"Ao T.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Acidifiers in animal nutrition \u2010 A guide for feed preservation and acidification to promote animal performance","author":"Aragon Y. 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