{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:54:02Z","timestamp":1790873642174,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,5]],"date-time":"2020-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006057","name":"Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr Branch","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study investigated the influence of dietary threonine (Thr) levels and ajwain seed (AS) on the growth performance, immunity, blood metabolites, ileal microflora and jejunum morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 600\u2010day\u2010old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly allocated among five replicates of eight dietary treatments according to a 4\u00a0\u00d7\u00a02 factorial arrangement of treatments, including four different levels of Thr (100, 105, 110 and 115% of requirements) and two inclusion rates of AS (0 or 10\u00a0g\/kg of the diet). Body weight gain and FCR improved in broiler chickens fed 105% Thr supplement during the starter, finisher and whole periods of the experiment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). The broiler chickens fed AS supplemented diet had a greater weight gain (25\u201342\u00a0days) and better FCR (1\u201310 and 25\u201342\u00a0days) than those without AS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). A significant interaction was observed between Thr and AS supplementation for lymphocyte, heterophil\/lymphocyte (<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>), bursa and spleen (<jats:italic>p\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.05). The liver enzyme activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was higher in the chicks that received diet without AS supplement than those fed AS diet (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Inclusion of 105% dietary Thr and 10\u00a0g\/kg AS increased the viable cell counts of <jats:italic>Lactobacilli<\/jats:italic> and decreased the population of the <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> in broilers (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). In jejunum morphology, the broiler chickens fed 105% Thr diet had a greater villus length, width and crypt depth (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Also, the villus length was longer in broilers that received AS supplemented diet (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). It is concluded that the dietary 105% of Thr and AS supplement individually improved growth performance, ileal microbial population and jejunum morphology of broiler chickens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T04:23:21Z","timestamp":1586147001000},"page":"1333-1342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Efficacy of ajwain (<i>Trachyspermum ammi<\/i> L.) seed at graded levels of dietary threonine on growth performance, serum metabolites, intestinal morphology and microbial population in broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Alireza","family":"Kolbadinejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Qaemshahr Branch Islamic Azad University Qaemshahr Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3651-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Rezaeipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Qaemshahr Branch Islamic Azad University Qaemshahr Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2019.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-635X2014000100005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-015-1042-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Ross Broiler Management Manual","author":"Aviagen","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2012.726707"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"Effect of thyme, garlic and caraway 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