{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:49:22Z","timestamp":1784544562567,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Yaks display unique properties of the lung and heart, enabling their adaptation to high\u2010altitude environments, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still largely unknown. In the present study, the proteome differences in lung and heart tissues were compared between yak (<jats:italic>Bos grunniens<\/jats:italic>) and three cattle strains (<jats:italic>Bos taurus<\/jats:italic>, Holstein, Sanjiang and Tibetan cattle) using the sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra\/data\u2010independent acquisition (SWATH\/DIA) proteomic method. In total, 51,755 peptides and 7215 proteins were identified. In the lung tissue, there were 162, 310 and 118 differential abundance proteins (DAPs) in Tibetan, Holstein and Sanjiang cattle compared to yak respectively. In the heart tissue, there were 71, 57 and 78 DAPs in Tibetan, Holstein and Sanjiang cattle compared to yak respectively. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that the DAPs were enriched for the retinol metabolism and toll\u2010like receptor categories in lung tissue. The changes in these two pathways may regulate hypoxia\u2010induced factor and immune function in yaks. Moreover, DAPs in heart tissues were enriched for cardiac muscle contraction, Huntington's disease, chemical carcinogenesis and drug metabolism\u2010cytochrome P450. Further exploration indicated that yaks may alter cardiac function through regulation of type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010release channels. The present results are useful to further develop an understanding of the mechanisms underlying adaptation of animals to high\u2010altitude conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T07:43:53Z","timestamp":1631087033000},"page":"485-493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Differences in proteomic profiles between yak and three cattle strains provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying high\u2010altitude adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Jin\u2010Wei","family":"Xin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement  Lhasa China"},{"name":"Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences  Lhasa 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