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Therefore, more easily measured proxies of MRT might be helpful. We used the opportunity of an experiment applying saliva stimulant in cattle to investigate the effect of different individual chewing behaviour on fluid and particle MRT with a consistent diet. Four non\u2010lactating cattle (670\u2013850\u2009kg body mass [BM]) were used in a 4\u2009\u00d7\u20094 Latin square design, treated with the saliva stimulant pilocarpine in dosages of 0, 1, 2.5\u00a0and 5\u2009mg\/kg BM per day. The cattle were fed hay with dry matter intake (DMI) assigned according to their metabolic body weight. MRT in the whole gastrointestinal tract (GIT), the reticulorumen (RR) and the distal tract were measured using Co\u2010EDTA, Cr\u2010mordanted fibre and La\u2010mordanted fibre as markers representing fluid, small particles (2\u2009mm) and large particles (1\u2009cm), respectively. The chewing behaviour was measured via noseband pressure sensor and expressed as chewing frequency (chews per time) and chewing intensity (chews per DMI), both for total chewing (ingestion plus rumination) and rumination chewing alone. The animals differed considerably in chewing behaviour and MRT measures. BM did not show a significant effect on chewing behaviour and MRT measures, though it tended to negatively correlated to total chewing intensity. Chewing intensity exerted a significant negative influence on MRT of fluid and particles in the RR, which was not the case for chewing frequency. Chewing frequency showed a significant relationship with MRT of large particles in the GIT. We suggest that chewing behaviour could influence MRT in two ways: (i) by affecting saliva production via the masticatory\u2010salivary reflex and subsequently, the fluid inflow to the RR; (ii) by contributing to particle size reduction. Should the link between chewing behaviour and MRT be corroborated in larger studies, chewing measures, with their large interindividual variation, could emerge as an easy\u2010to\u2010measure proxy for MRT characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T05:14:53Z","timestamp":1652418893000},"page":"394-406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Individual differences in digesta retention and their relation to chewing in cattle\u2014A pilot investigation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3577-1107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences Ruminant Nutrition, University of G\u00f6ttingen  G\u00f6ttingen 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