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Novel animal feed additives that promote gut health and regulate immune function of piglets without antibiotics are needed. In this study, we aimed to test the ability of mesobiliverdin IX\u03b1\u2010enriched microalgae (MBV IX\u03b1\u2010enriched microalgae) to eliminate reliance on antibiotics to promote intestinal health in piglets. Eighty 28\u2010day\u2010old weaned piglets were randomly allocated to four groups each with four\u00a0replicate pens and five\u00a0piglets per pen. The dietary treatments were a basal diet as control (NC), basal diet plus 0.05% tylosin (PC), basal diet plus 0.1% or 0.5% MBV IX\u03b1\u2010enriched microalgae as low (MBV\u2010SP1) or high (MBV\u2010SP2) dose respectively. All treated animals showed no significant differences in live weight, average daily gain and feed efficiency compared to control animals. Histological examination showed that MBV\u2010SP1 and particularly MBV\u2010SP2 increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum compared to NC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Similarly, tylosin treatment also increased villi lengths and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum compared to the NC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). MBV\u2010SP1 and particularly MBV\u2010SP2 reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin\u20106 and tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha in the small intestine. MBV\u2010SP2 and tylosin similarly reduced the lipid peroxidation marker (TBARS value) in the duodenum and ileum. In conclusion, feed supplementation with MBV IX\u03b1\u2010enriched microalgae improved gut health by villus height and production of immunomodulators that correlated with down\u2010regulated secretion of inflammatory cytokines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T11:25:42Z","timestamp":1691148342000},"page":"1368-1375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mesobiliverdin IX\u03b1\u2010enriched microalgae feed additive eliminates reliance on antibiotic tylosin to promote intestinal health of weaning piglets"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5665-3671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tz\u2010Shian","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5776-084X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching\u2010Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9879-6101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuan\u2010Shun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Technology Research Center Agricultural Technology Research Institute  Miaoli County Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8978-4520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng\u2010Wei T.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9919-9168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon Y.","family":"Takemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3397-3218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan\u2010Yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mib.0000164017.06538.8a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.586813"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.2001.00792.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3247528"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2017.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2013.00050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(86)90105-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.798553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/bjn19940167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.17.0483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.2008013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"Nutrient requirements of swine (11th Revised ed)","author":"National Research Council","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani8100172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00152.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(97)00057-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-017-0299-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2021.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86123-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijch.201800167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"Takemoto J. Y. Chen D. Chang C. W. T. &Wood J.(2015). Therapeutic meso\u2010biliverdin IX\u03b1 compositions and associated methods Patent No. US9119842 B2 issued September 1 U.S. Patent and Trademark Office."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.027433"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2012.00047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7591840"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpn.13867","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T15:27:15Z","timestamp":1701271635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpn.13867"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpn.13867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpn.13867","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-2439","1439-0396"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-2439","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0396","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}