{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T02:30:36Z","timestamp":1786761036959,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]],"date-time":"2024-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to assess the impact of protein supplementation and its interaction with calf sex (CS) on the performance, metabolism\u00a0and physiology of pregnant beef cows. Fifty\u2010two multiparous Zebu beef cows carrying female (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922) and male (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) fetuses were used. Cows were individually housed from day 100 to 200 of gestation and randomly assigned to restricted (RES, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200926) or supplemented (SUP, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200926) groups. The RES cows were <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> fed a basal diet (corn silage\u2009+\u2009sugarcane bagasse\u2009+\u2009mineral mixture), achieving 5.5% crude protein (CP), while SUP cows received the same basal diet plus a protein supplement (40% CP, at 3.5\u2009g\/kg of body weight). All cows were fed the same diet during late gestation. Differences were declared at <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05. No significant interaction between maternal nutrition and calf sex was found for maternal outcomes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2265\u20090.34). The SUP treatment increased the total dry matter (DM) intake (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.01) by 32% and 19% at mid\u2010 and late\u2010gestation\u00a0respectively. The total tract digestibility of all diet components was improved by SUP treatment at day 200 of gestation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.02), as well as the ruminal microbial CP production (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.01). The SUP treatment increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.03) the cows'\u00a0body score condition, ribeye area, the average daily gain (ADG) of pregnant components (PREG; i.e., weight accretion of cows caused by pregnancy)\u00a0and the ADG of maternal tissues (i.e., weight accretion discounting the gain related to gestation) in the mid\u2010gestation. The SUP cows exhibited a lower maternal ADG (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) compared to RES cows in late pregnancy. There was a 24% additional gain (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) in the PREG components for SUP cows during late gestation, which in turn improved the calf birthweight (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05). The uterine arterial resistance and pulsatility indexes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.01) at mid\u2010gestation were greater for RES cows. In conclusion, protein supplementation during mid\u2010gestation is an effective practice for improving maternal performance, growth of the gravid uterus\u00a0and the offspring's birth weight.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.14001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T04:24:58Z","timestamp":1719203098000},"page":"1678-1691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Protein supplementation during mid\u2010gestation affects maternal voluntary feed intake, performance, digestibility,\u00a0and uterine blood flow of beef cows"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Javier A. M.","family":"Meneses","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales Cartagena Bolivar Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina B.","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matheus Castilho","family":"Galv\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel M.","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luthesco Haddad Lima","family":"Chalfun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine Centro Universit\u00e1rio de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania Priscilla\u00a0de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4843-7653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"German D.","family":"Ram\u00edrez\u2010Zamudio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcio Machado","family":"Ladeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5795-6420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcio S.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biosciences University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Casagrande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateus P.","family":"Gionbelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis","author":"AOAC","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12162145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AN15736"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/2002.80122967x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-6301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)00956-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2014.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2022.104995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2022.107028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"Estimation of microbial protein supply to sheep and cattle based on urinary excretion of purine derivatives\u2014An overview of the technical details","author":"Chen X. 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