{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T13:58:34Z","timestamp":1773928714009,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The giant anteater (\n                    <jats:italic>Myrmecophaga tridactyla<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is an insectivorous species whose maintenance under human care is impaired due to the difficulty of reproducing their natural diet, associated with the challenge in developing an adequate and replicable diet. A wide variety of nutrition\u2010related diseases are reported, but with few confirmed causal relationships. Moreover, little is known about the clinical parameters of the species and its relationship with diet. The aim of this study is to describe the haematology and blood chemistry of wild and captive giant anteaters in Brazil, correlating them with their physical condition and composition of the diet presented to the animals. We assessed 21 free\u2010range and 22 captive giant anteaters, and compared results of bodyweight, biometry, haematology and serum biochemistry. Diets offered in captivity, and the stomach contents of nine wild road\u2010killed anteaters were analyzed for chemical composition of macronutrients and minerals. When comparing data between free\u2010range and captive animals, we found important differences in size and in haematological and biochemical analyses. Free\u2010living anteaters were ~25% smaller compared with captives, both in BW (32.4\u2009\u00b1\u20094.7\u2009kg and 42.6\u2009\u00b1\u20098.0\u2009kg;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and measurements (thorax, abdomen and forearm circumferences). In addition, the composition of the stomach contents of wild animals differed significantly from the diet offered to captive animals, containing significantly less fat, energy and nutritional minerals in free\u2010living animals. Diet seems to reflect directly on the physical parameters and laboratory results of giant anteaters.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.70035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T06:19:47Z","timestamp":1765865987000},"page":"262-269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Diet Composition With Physical, Haematological and Biochemical Analysis of Giant Anteaters (\n                    <i>Myrmecophaga tridactyla<\/i>\n                    ) in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3718-5451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda Mara Arag\u00e3o Macedo","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University Botucatu S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8189-1591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danyele Karoline Avante","family":"Mangueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University Botucatu S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre Luiz","family":"da Costa Bicudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alexandre Bicudo Veterinary Diagnostics Bauru S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9bora Regina","family":"Yogui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wild Animal Conservation Institute \u2013 ICAS Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil"},{"name":"Nashville Zoo at Grassmere Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miri\u00e3 Ribeiro","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wild Animal Conservation Institute \u2013 ICAS Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Desbiez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wild Animal Conservation Institute \u2013 ICAS Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun","family":"Guimar\u00e3es\u2010Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University Botucatu S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyne Assis Eigenheer Pinke","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University Botucatu S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7295-0740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen Sue","family":"Dierenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zootrition Animal Nutrition Consulting Saint Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Melchert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University Botucatu S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-805306-5.00021-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"355","volume-title":"Fowler's Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine","author":"Aguillar R. F.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-023-01663-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2020.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.669350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13233606"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","article-title":"Responses of a Specialized Insectivorous Mammal (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) to Variation in Ambient Temperature","volume":"38","author":"Camilo\u2010Alves C. de S. e P.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biotropica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Survey of Feeding Practices, Body Condition and Faeces Consistency in Captive Ant\u2010Eating Mammals in the UK","volume":"4","author":"Clark A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"158","article-title":"Vertebral Hyperostosis in Anteaters (Tamandua tetradactyla and Tamandua mexicana): Probable Hypervitaminosis A and\/or D","volume":"27","author":"Crawshaw G. J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-017-2509-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-5306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ddi.13473"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zly091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12223"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3FO04187E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2016.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-021-01503-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"Chitin Supplementation in the Diets of Captive Giant Anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) for Improved Gastrointestinal Function","volume":"5","author":"Leuchner L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02793"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","first-page":"323","volume-title":"Veterinary Hematology and Clinical Chemistry","author":"Meuten D.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","unstructured":"Miranda F. R. 2012.Maintenance of Anteaters in Captivity. Cubo S\u00e3o Carlos."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","volume-title":"Tratado de Animais Selvagens","author":"Miranda F. R.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","unstructured":"Miranda F. A.Bertassoni andA. M.Abba 2014.Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Giant Anteater). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species e.T14224A47441961."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2023.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Health Care Survey","volume":"5","author":"Morford S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Edentata"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zoolgart.2016.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5537\/020.015.0102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2361(1996)15:5<509::AID-ZOO7>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17151\/vetzo.2014.8.1.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Zinc and Its Importance for Human Health: An Integrative Review","volume":"18","author":"Roohani N.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2013000400022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42991-024-00420-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2011.01226.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Survey of the Feeding Management of Giant Anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and Tamanduas (Tamandua tetradactyla) in the EAZA Ex\u2010Situ Programme","volume":"108","author":"Steinecker\u2010Quast J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","volume-title":"Veterinary Hematology and Clinical Chemistry","author":"Thrall M. A.","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpn.70035","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jpn.70035","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpn.70035","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T10:44:22Z","timestamp":1773917062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpn.70035"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpn.70035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpn.70035","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-2439","1439-0396"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-2439","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0396","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}