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A key knowledge gap is how alkaline materials affect marine life. This study investigated effects of OAE via sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on a coastal Tasmanian plankton community. Natural communities were enclosed within microcosms assigned to three groups: a control, an unequilibrated treatment (NaOH addition), and an equilibrated treatment (NaOH and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) addition). The unequilibrated treatment simulates carbonate chemistry changes before atmospheric CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    uptake and the equilibrated treatment the changes thereafter. Treatments increased alkalinity by ~25% (+500\u2009\u03bcmol \u00b7 kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), theoretically enabling a 21% increase in the marine inorganic carbon sink. Hydroxide\u2010based OAE had minimal effects on the plankton community in the equilibrated treatment, in which CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and pH excursions were small. In the unequilibrated treatment, we observed a slight delay in the phytoplankton bloom, arguably because NaOH addition caused reorganization in the diatom community before the bloom reached its maximum chlorophyll\n                    <jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>\n                    level. Although the community remained diatom\u2010dominant, community composition was moderately different from the control and equilibrated treatments. The zooplankton community displayed no detectable change except for the invasive\n                    <jats:italic>Noctiluca scintillans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which became less abundant in the unequilibrated treatment, arguably due to phytoplankton community shifts. We concluded changes in plankton community composition observed were relatively small compared to the rather extreme hydroxide\u2010based alkalinity perturbation and the profound climatic benefit of such a CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sink enhancement.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpy.70052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T04:28:31Z","timestamp":1750480111000},"page":"989-1006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Winners and losers under hydroxide\u2010based ocean alkalinity enhancement in a Tasmanian plankton community"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0712-3755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiyas","family":"Kousoulas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Ferderer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Eriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"},{"name":"CSIRO Environment  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennart T.","family":"Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2018.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/bg\u201021\u20103665\u20102024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fclim.2019.00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/os\u201015\u20101159\u20102019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2001.46.6.1378"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/03wc0084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps11742"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"Derwent Estuary Program. 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