{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:02:26Z","timestamp":1791820946452,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,16]],"date-time":"2012-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia"},{"name":"Australian Dental Research Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence of citrullinated proteins, and peptidylarginine deiminase types \u20102 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102) and \u20104 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104) in periodontal tissues, determine the presence of anti\u2010cyclic citrullinated protein antibodies (anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCP<\/jats:styled-content>) in gingival crevicular fluid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCF<\/jats:styled-content>) and compare the expression of these proteins between inflamed and non\u2010inflamed sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tissue sections were stained using antibodies against citrullinated proteins, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> was performed to investigate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> in inflamed and non\u2010inflamed gingival tissues. Anti\u2010CCP antibodies in gingival crevicular fluid were detected by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Citrullinated proteins, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 were detected in gingiva. There was a correlation between inflammation and expression of these proteins. m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 were detected in both inflamed and non\u2010inflamed gingival tissues. Antibodies to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCP<\/jats:styled-content> were found mostly in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCF<\/jats:styled-content> of individuals with periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 (protein and m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>) as well as citrullinated proteins are present in inflamed gingiva, and anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCP<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies can be detected in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCF<\/jats:styled-content> of some patients. Tissue expression of citrullinated proteins and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAD<\/jats:styled-content> increased with the severity of inflammation. The presence of anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCP<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCF<\/jats:styled-content> was almost exclusive to a subset of patients with periodontitis. Increased expression of these proteins in inflamed gingiva lends support to the notion that periodontal inflammation contributes to the inflammatory burden in a similar way to rheumatoid arthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,17]],"date-time":"2012-09-17T02:37:09Z","timestamp":1347849429000},"page":"252-261","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["Expression of peptidylarginine deiminase\u20102 and \u20104, citrullinated proteins and anti\u2010citrullinated protein antibodies in human gingiva"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"G. 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