{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T07:35:23Z","timestamp":1769153723776,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hong Kong Research Grants Council","award":["HKU 7518\/05M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKU 7518\/05M"]}]},{"name":"Hong Kong Research Grants Council","award":["HKU766909M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKU766909M"]}]},{"name":"Modern Dental Laboratory\/HKU Endowment"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Macrophage migration\u2010inhibitory factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content>) plays crucial roles in the recruitment and activation of macrophages as well as in helping to kill bacteria. This study investigated the expression profile of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> in human gingiva under different periodontal conditions and its expression patterns induced by <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>orphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> lipopolysaccharide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>) in gingival epithelia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gingival tissue samples were collected from deep pockets and clinically healthy sites of 22 nonsmoking subjects with chronic periodontitis. The expression of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> and protein was evaluated using real\u2010time <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> study analyzed the effects of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0gingivalis <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content> on the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> in a reconstituted human gingival epithelia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RHGE<\/jats:styled-content>) model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In gingival epithelia, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> protein was diffusely expressed from the basal layer to the granular and spinous layers; whereas, in the underlying connective tissues, MIF was observed around the dilated blood vessels in the deep\u2010pocket tissues. A significantly lower level of expression of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> and an increased level of expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> protein were found in deep\u2010pocket tissues compared with clinically healthy tissues. Expression of <jats:italic>MIF<\/jats:italic> m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RHGE<\/jats:styled-content> model was significantly down\u2010regulated by <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0gingivalis <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study suggests that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> expression may be related to periodontal conditions and that its expression profile could be modulated by <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0gingivalis <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> may play a role in periodontal pathogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T18:31:46Z","timestamp":1357756306000},"page":"527-532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Expression profile of macrophage migration\u2010inhibitory factor in human gingiva and reconstituted human gingival epithelia stimulated by <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i> lipopolysaccharide"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"X.","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. Y.","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine &amp; Therapeutics and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X. R.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine &amp; Therapeutics and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. J.","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2010.00364.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01600.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.03004.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2337"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"An update on periodontal aetiopathogenesis and clinical implications","volume":"19","author":"Jin LJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann R Australas Coll Dent Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.icb.7100133"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2007-0065"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/414920a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519030090020801"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199908)42:8<1601::AID-ANR6>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421915"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-003-0571-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509340148"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00732.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01436.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.11.1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425909104899"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.4.1311-1317.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.4.1660-1665.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.9.5041-5051.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1364-1372.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.10.3983-3990.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.00974.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002849900297"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.179.6.1895"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.27205"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204351"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontal Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjre.12035","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjre.12035","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jre.12035","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T08:28:23Z","timestamp":1698654503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jre.12035"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jre.12035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jre.12035","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3484","1600-0765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3484","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]]}}}