{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T15:46:18Z","timestamp":1760888778611},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]],"date-time":"2013-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this parallel, double\u2010blind, randomized pilot study was to determine the effect of a daily dose of 325\u00a0mg of aspirin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">(ASA)<\/jats:styled-content> on the clinical outcomes of scaling and root planing in a selected group of adult smokers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The response to periodontal therapy is inferior among smokers compared to non\u2010smokers. Long\u2010term intake of ASA has been shown to exert a positive impact on reducing both the prevalence and severity of periodontitis, among high\u2010risk groups of subjects such as heavy smokers and diabetics. It is reasonable to assume that systemic administration of ASA in conjunction with reduction of the bacterial load by scaling and root planing may improve and prolong the benefits of periodontal therapy. To date, only few prospective interventional clinical studies have specifically addressed the periodontal needs of smokers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study includes 24 smokers. The following clinical parameters were measured preoperatively and at 3, 6, 9 and 12\u00a0mo postoperatively: (i) gingival index; (ii) plaque index; (iii) probing depth; (iii) probing attachment level; (iv) gingival recession; and (v) bleeding scores. Study subjects received scaling and root planing over several visits and were randomly assigned into two equal groups; a control group (C), which received a placebo and a test group (T), which took a daily dose of 325\u00a0mg ASA. No additional therapy was provided over the 1\u00a0year observation period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were more statistically significant differences (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05; one\u2010 tailed) between pretest and posttest scores in the T group than in the C group. Mean percent increase in sites with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">probing depth<\/jats:styled-content> 1\u20133\u00a0mm (T: 8.78; C: 7.21); mean percent reduction in sites with probing depth 4\u20136\u00a0mm (T: \u22127.25; C: \u22125.09 not statistically significant, NS); mean percent reduction in sites with probing depth \u2265\u00a07\u00a0mm (T: \u22121.42; C: \u221202.09); mean percent reduction in sites with probing attachment level 3\u20134\u00a0mm (T: \u22123.63; C: 0.48\u00a0NS); mean percent reduction in sites with bleeding on probing (T: \u221212.37; C: \u22122.59\u00a0NS) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05, NS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Daily intake of 325\u00a0mg of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASA<\/jats:styled-content> following scaling and root planing improved treatment outcomes in smokers, without an increase in gingival bleeding tendency. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASA<\/jats:styled-content> promoted a higher incidence of shallow pockets and more gain in attachment level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]],"date-time":"2013-04-18T10:33:54Z","timestamp":1366281234000},"page":"102-109","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The effect of long\u2010term aspirin intake on the outcome of non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy in smokers: a double\u2010blind, randomized pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Jacob","family":"Shiloah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Bland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Scarbecz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark R.","family":"Patters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sydney H.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Tipton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology College of Dentistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1983.54.8.481"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1987.tb02364.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1987.tb02253.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1990.61.6.364"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1991.62.4.242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.2.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1994.0192"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.3.260"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Root coverage using the free soft tissue autograft following citric acid application. 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