{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:55:00Z","timestamp":1791572100954,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Occlusal trauma is an important factor that influences the progression of periodontitis, but it is unclear whether occlusal trauma influences periodontal destruction at the onset of periodontitis. We established an experimental periodontitis model with both site\u2010specific loss of attachment and alveolar bone resorption. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of occlusal trauma on periodontal destruction, particularly loss of attachment, at the onset of experimental periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty rats were used in the present study. Forty\u2010eight rats immunized with lipopolysaccharide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>) intraperitoneally were divided into four groups. In the trauma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T)<\/jats:styled-content> group, occlusal trauma was induced by placing an excessively high metal wire in the occlusal surface of the mandibular right first molar. In the inflammation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I)<\/jats:styled-content> group, periodontal inflammation was induced by topical application of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content> into the palatal gingival sulcus of maxillary right first molars. In the trauma + inflammation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I)<\/jats:styled-content> group, both trauma and periodontal inflammation were simultaneously induced. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBS<\/jats:styled-content> group was administered phosphate\u2010buffered saline only. Another 12 nonimmunized rats (the n\u2212(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>) group) were treated as described for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> group. All rats were killed after 5 or 10\u00a0d, and their maxillary first molars with surrounding tissues were observed histopathologically. Loss of attachment and osteoclasts on the alveolar bone crest were investigated histopathologically. To detect immune complexes, immunohistological staining for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>1q<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content> was performed. Collagen fibers were also observed using the picrosirius red\u2010polarization method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significant increases in loss of attachment and in the number of osteoclasts in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> group compared with the other groups. Moreover, widespread distribution of immune complexes was observed in the T + I group, and collagen fibers oriented from the root surface to the alveolar bone crest had partially disappeared in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> T<\/jats:styled-content>+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> and n\u2212(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>) groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>When inflammation was combined with occlusal trauma, immune complexes were confirmed in more expanding areas than in the area of the I group without occlusal trauma, and loss of attachment at the onset of experimental periodontitis was increased. Damage of collagen fibers by occlusal trauma may elevate the permeability of the antigen through the tissue and result in expansion of the area of immune\u2010complex formation and accelerating inflammatory reaction. The periodontal tissue destruction was thus greater in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> group than in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T08:48:31Z","timestamp":1372668511000},"page":"314-322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Occlusal trauma accelerates attachment loss at the onset of experimental periodontitis in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Nakatsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Global R&amp;D \u2013 Personal Health Care Kao Corporation Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Yoshinaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kuramoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Nagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Ichimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global R&amp;D \u2013 Personal Health Care Kao Corporation Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Oshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global R&amp;D \u2013 Personal Health Care Kao Corporation Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global R&amp;D \u2013 Personal Health Care Kao Corporation Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1974.tb01234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1982.tb02111.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1978.tb02282.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002203457505400309011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1983.54.10.586"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2011.01453.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2012.01486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.10.5589-5595.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.00960.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"431","article-title":"The AMeX method. 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