{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:38:40Z","timestamp":1762101520019,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009624","name":"Yonsei University College of Dentistry","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["6-2012-0062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6-2012-0062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009624","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experimental models showing variable diabetic status are necessary to understand the relationship between diabetes and periodontitis. The streptozotocin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010induced diabetes model allows control of diabetic status by nicotinamide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>), which protects against<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced \u03b2\u2010cell necrosis. Therefore, we compared diabetic characteristics and alveolar bone loss in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated rats with periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated rats were generated by intravenous (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>) administration of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>(50\u00a0mg\/kg).<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated rats were induced by intraperitoneal administration of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>(270\u00a0mg\/kg) 15\u00a0min before<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>administration of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>(65\u00a0mg\/kg). Periodontitis was induced by ligature around the left mandibular first molar 1\u00a0wk after injection. Blood glucose level, glucose tolerance and serum insulin levels were determined at day 0 and\/or 20 after ligature. At day 20, tibia bone loss was assessed using micro\u2010computed tomography and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Alveolar bone loss was histologically measured as the distance of the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest in distal and the percentage of periodontal ligament area in the first molar furcation, respectively. The number of inflammatory cells, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa\u2010B ligand (RANKL)\u2010positive cells and the area of osteoid were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In STZ\u2010treated rats, obvious hyperglycemia over 300\u00a0mg\/dL and severe body weight loss were observed. The insulin level was approximately 14% compared to that of control rats. STZ\u2010NA\u2010treated rats were impaired in glucose tolerance compared to control rats; however, body weight and insulin levels were not significantly different. Tibia bone loss was increased in STZ\u2010treated rats, but significant change was not observed in STZ\u2010NA\u2010treated rats compared to control rats. In ligatured teeth, alveolar bone loss was increased in both STZ\u2010 and STZ\u2010NA\u2010treated rats compared to control rats. Alveolar bone loss, the number of inflammatory cells and RANKL\u2010positive cells in STZ\u2010treated rats were greater than in STZ\u2010NA\u2010treated rats. The area of osteoid decreased in STZ\u2010treated rats compared to control, but not STZ\u2010NA\u2010treated rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results indicate that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated rats exhibit diabetic characteristics similar to type 1 diabetes mellitus and a pre\u2010diabetic state, respectively. In addition, alveolar bone loss in response to periodontitis and tibia loss depend on diabetic status. Diabetic status\u2010dependent bone remodeling imbalance and inflammation could affect the alveolar bone loss in the two models. Both<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated rats may be useful to investigate differences in periodontitis sensitivity associated with diabetic status and to develop therapeutic agents for periodontitis in patients with diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T14:07:02Z","timestamp":1391436422000},"page":"792-800","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Diabetic characteristics and alveolar bone loss in streptozotocin\u2010 and streptozotocin\u2010nicotinamide\u2010treated rats with periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"J\u2010H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Life Science The Graduate School 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