{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T01:57:14Z","timestamp":1772762234236,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,21]],"date-time":"2014-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Clorox Company"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study evaluated the potential of gingival bleeding on probing to serve as a predictor of future periodontal breakdown. It also assessed the ability of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite twice\u2010a\u2010week oral rinse to convert periodontal pockets showing bleeding on probing to nonbleeding sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was performed as a randomized, single\u2010blinded, clinical trial in parallel groups. Seven periodontitis patients rinsed twice\u2010weekly for 3\u00a0mo with 15\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> of a fresh solution of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite, and five periodontitis patients rinsed with water. The 12 study patients received no subgingival or supragingival scaling. Clorox<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>egular\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>leach was the source of sodium hypochlorite. At baseline and 3\u2010mo visits, gingival bleeding was assessed within 30\u00a0s after probing to full pocket depth using an approximate force of 0.75\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 470 (38%) of 1230 periodontal pockets in the bleach\u2010rinse group revealed bleeding on probing at the initial visit but not at the 3\u2010mo visit; only 71 (9%) of 828 pockets in the control group became bleeding\u2010negative during the study (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). Bleeding on probing in 4\u2010 to 7\u2010mm\u2010deep pockets decreased by 53% in the bleach\u2010rinse group but increased by 6% in the water\u2010rinse group (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). Ninety\u2010seven pockets showed depth increases of \u2265\u00a02\u00a0mm after 3\u00a0mo: 60 (62%) of those pockets exhibited bleeding on probing at both the initial and the 3\u2010mo visits; 24 (25%) bled at only one of the two visits; and 13 (13%) never demonstrated gingival bleeding (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Persistent gingival bleeding on probing was associated with an increased risk for periodontal breakdown, and the absence of gingival bleeding seemed to be a useful, although not perfect, indicator of disease stability. Twice\u2010weekly oral rinsing with dilute bleach (0.25% sodium hypochlorite) produced a significant reduction in bleeding on probing, even in deep unscaled pockets. Sodium hypochlorite constitutes a valuable antiseptic in periodontal self\u2010care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,21]],"date-time":"2014-07-21T07:43:21Z","timestamp":1405928601000},"page":"397-402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Gingival bleeding on probing: relationship to change in periodontal pocket depth and effect of sodium hypochlorite oral rinse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Periodontology Clinic Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. 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