{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T11:58:49Z","timestamp":1769515129429,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]],"date-time":"2014-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004607","name":"Guangxi Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GGK-1140003A-28"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GGK-1140003A-28"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Program for Excellent Talents in Guangxi Higher Education Institutions","award":["2011-40-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011-40-13"]}]},{"name":"2011 Open Program of the Guangxi Medical Science Experiment Center","award":["KFJJ2011-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJJ2011-20"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periodontal diseases are often induced by periodontopathogens, which are always exposed to certain innate immune factors in gingival crevicular fluid, including human \u03b2\u2010defensin\u20102 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102). This study aims to investigate the relationship among periodontopathogens, clinical parameters and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010two healthy controls, 42 patients with chronic gingivitis and 95 patients with chronic periodontitis were recruited in Guangxi, China. Bleeding index, probing depth and clinical attachment level were measured for all teeth including mesiobuccal, buccal, disobuccal, mesiolingual, lingual, disolingual six sites of all patient. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from the study sites. The prevalence and copy numbers (CN) of <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia<\/jats:italic> and total bacteria in gingival crevicular fluid were quantified by real\u2010time PCR. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 concentration in gingival crevicular fluid was measured by ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both the prevalence and the CN of <jats:italic>A.\u00a0actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> T.\u00a0denticola<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T.\u00a0forsythia<\/jats:italic> were higher in patients with chronic periodontitis than in healthy controls and patients with chronic gingivitis; however, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of <jats:italic>P. intermedia<\/jats:italic> among the three study groups, and the highest CN was found in patients with chronic gingivitis, rather than in patients with chronic periodontitis. The loads of <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> P.\u00a0intermedia<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> T.\u00a0denticola<\/jats:italic> and total bacteria were positively related to probing depth, bleeding index and clinical attachment level. The concentration of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 in gingival crevicular fluid was higher in patients with chronic gingivitis and in patients with chronic periodontitis than in healthy controls. In addition, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 concentration was positively related to the CN of <jats:italic>P. gingivalis, T.\u00a0forsythia<\/jats:italic> and total bacteria, as well as to bleeding index and probing depth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence, composition and CN of periodontopathogens were closely related to the severity of periodontal disease, and the red complex was related to the severity of clinical symptoms of periodontal diseases. The concentration of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontal disease sites was higher than that in gingival crevicular fluid from healthy sites, which suggests that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 expression might be up\u2010regulated by periodontopathogens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]],"date-time":"2014-07-28T07:47:45Z","timestamp":1406533665000},"page":"403-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Periodontopathogens and human \u03b2\u2010defensin\u20102 expression in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with periodontal disease in Guangxi, China"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"X.","family":"Yong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine College of Stomatology Guangxi Medical 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University Nanning Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine College of Stomatology Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment School of Public Health Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine College of Stomatology Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"The Third National Oral Health 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