{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T06:24:54Z","timestamp":1762323894787},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]],"date-time":"2015-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003758","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico do Maranh\u00e3o","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00540\/12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00540\/12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003758","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periodontal diseases are associated with bacterial challenge and the host immune response, and are also modulated by genetic factors. There is evidence that sickle cell anaemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCA<\/jats:styled-content>) does not represent a risk factor for periodontal diseases. However, it is still unclear whether the heterozygous condition [sickle cell trait (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content>)] is associated with periodontal diseases. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content> is a genetic condition that can cause vaso\u2010occlusive events, which may be associated with a propensity to bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content> with periodontal diseases by evaluating clinical and radiographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 369) was selected and divided into two groups: exposed groups [Hb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCA<\/jats:styled-content> genotype) and Hb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content> genotype) = 246] and a nonexposed group (Hb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> = 123). Hb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> consisted of individuals without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content>. The clinical parameters evaluated were plaque index, gingival index, calculus index, clinical probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, tooth mobility and furcation involvement. The percentage of alveolar bone loss was measured using a Schei ruler. Binomial and Poisson regressions were used to estimate correlations of interest (\u03b1 = 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>None of the periodontal parameters was associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCA<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with gingivitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.041) and periodontitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002). Individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content> had a lower plaque index (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.044) but a higher calculus index (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003) and greater alveolar bone loss (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.010) compared with subjects in the Hb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCT<\/jats:styled-content> can act as a predictor for establishment of periodontal diseases. There was no correlation between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCA<\/jats:styled-content> and periodontal diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]],"date-time":"2015-12-16T06:25:30Z","timestamp":1450247130000},"page":"622-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Are sickle cell anaemia and sickle cell trait predictive factors for periodontal disease? A cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"H. L. C. C.","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Dentistry Program Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Lu\u0131s Maranh\u00e3o Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. B. A. 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