{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T12:08:40Z","timestamp":1784290120463,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nutrition and body weight are modifying factors for periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to quantify two molecules (ghrelin and chemerin), released in association with food intake and obesity, in periodontally healthy and diseased individuals with respect to different body mass categories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The two main groups (patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy\/gingivitis volunteers) were subdivided into groups of subjects with normal weight [body mass index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI)<\/jats:styled-content> &lt;25] and groups of overweight\/obese subjects (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> \u226525). Subgingival bacteria were analysed and the levels of acylated and total ghrelin, chemerin and interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:styled-content>) were assessed in saliva, gingival crevicular fluid and serum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The amount of <jats:italic>Treponema\u00a0denticola<\/jats:italic> present subgingivally was significantly higher in the groups of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">chronic periodontitis<\/jats:styled-content> as well as in periodontally healthy\/gingivitis individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> \u226525 than in periodontally healthy\/gingivitis individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> &lt;25. The amount of total ghrelin in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gingival crevicular fluid<\/jats:styled-content> differed significantly between the groups, with the lowest levels found in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> \u226525. The levels of chemerin in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gingival crevicular fluid<\/jats:styled-content> were significantly higher in each <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">chronic periodontitis<\/jats:styled-content> group than in periodontally healthy\/gingivitis individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> &lt;25. However, the level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gingival crevicular fluid<\/jats:styled-content> was most differentiating between the groups, with the highest levels found in the group of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">chronic periodontitis and BMI<\/jats:styled-content> &lt;25 and the lowest levels in periodontally healthy\/gingivitis individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> &lt;25. No significant differences between any groups were seen for chemerin or for acylated ghrelin in the stimulated whole saliva, or for acylated and total ghrelin in peripheral blood serum. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> correlated with the serum level of chemerin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low ghrelin and high chemerin levels in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gingival crevicular fluid<\/jats:styled-content> might be linked to periodontal disease and overweight\/obesity. However, unlike <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">the<\/jats:styled-content> levels of chemerin and ghrelin in gingival crevicular fluid are not reliable indicators of periodontal destruction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T08:26:38Z","timestamp":1497947198000},"page":"1050-1057","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Salivary, gingival crevicular fluid and serum levels of ghrelin and chemerin in patients with periodontitis and overweight"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"H. F. 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