{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T04:28:45Z","timestamp":1789187325789,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,12]],"date-time":"2017-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dentsply IH, European Division Company"},{"name":"University Paris Descartes","award":["EA 2496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EA 2496"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in inflammatory and catabolic mediators expressed in peri\u2010implantitis compared to periodontitis lesions after non\u2010surgical therapy. Peri\u2010implantitis is associated with a faster rate of bone loss when compared with periodontitis, and peri\u2010implant non\u2010surgical therapy is ineffective to cure peri\u2010implantitis. This may be due to persistent inflammation in peri\u2010implantitis tissues after initial mechanical treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven patients with peri\u2010implantitis and 10 with severe chronic periodontitis received non\u2010surgical therapy. They were included at re\u2010evaluation (8\u00a0weeks) if they presented pocket depth \u22656\u00a0mm with bleeding on probing, and the indication for open flap debridement surgery. Connective tissues were harvested during surgery from diseased sites. Healthy gingiva were harvested during third molar extraction in a third group of healthy patients (n=10). Explants were incubated for 24\u00a0hours in media culture and the release of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa\u2010B ligand (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL)<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> matrix metalloproteinase<\/jats:styled-content> and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIMP)<\/jats:styled-content> in the conditioned media was analyzed by an exploratory multiplex immunoassay. When difference was found in the conditioned media, an immunohistochemistry was performed to compare expression in the tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Connective tissues from non\u2010stabilized peri\u2010implantitis exhibited a distinct cytokine profile compared to periodontitis lesions that did not respond to initial therapy. Indeed, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 was significantly increased in media from peri\u2010implantitis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2264.05). In addition, the in situ expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">interleukin<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> was also significantly increased in peri\u2010implantitis tissues (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2264.05). However, the ratio of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">osteoprotegerin\u2010<\/jats:styled-content>positive cells did not vary (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2265.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that peri\u2010implantitis and periodontitis connective tissues exhibit differences in response to non\u2010surgical treatment, which may contribute to a different pattern of disease evolution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,12]],"date-time":"2017-09-12T16:10:47Z","timestamp":1505232647000},"page":"29-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Differences between inflammatory and catabolic mediators of peri\u2010implantitis and periodontitis lesions following initial mechanical therapy: An exploratory 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