{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:07:31Z","timestamp":1782126451940,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Research B\/22390134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research B\/22390134"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Research B\/25293142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research B\/25293142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Young Scientists B\/25860441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Young Scientists B\/25860441"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Young Scientists B\/25860443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Young Scientists B\/25860443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005957","name":"8020 Promotion Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Salivary lactate dehydrogenase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>) was reported to be a useful parameter for the screening of periodontal disease. We performed a cross\u2010sectional study to verify the usefulness of salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>as a biomarker of periodontitis and to investigate the association of severity of periodontitis with systemic inflammation by measuring salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>and serum high sensitive C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content>) levels in a community\u2010based middle\u2010aged and elderly population in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 644 men and 1171 women, aged 30\u201079\u00a0years, who participated in the Toon Health Study during 2011\u201315. Periodontal condition was assessed by full\u2010mouth examination including mean value of probing depth, percentage of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">probing depth<\/jats:styled-content>of \u22654\u00a0mm and \u22656\u00a0mm, and bleeding on probing. Saliva and blood serum samples were collected for measurement of salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>level and hs\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively. A linear trend across quartiles of salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>was calculated using linear regression. Interaction of salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>and overweight status (body mass index of \u226525\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) was tested using the cross\u2010product term of log\u2010transformed continuous salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>and overweight status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of covariance adjusted for potential confounders revealed strong associations between salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>level and the indicators of periodontal condition (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.01) in both men and women. Sex\u2010 and age\u2010adjusted mean values of hs\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content>according to salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>quartiles were 0.40, 0.45, 0.45 and 0.50\u00a0mg\/L (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>for trend &lt;.01). Although the association was attenuated after further adjustment for body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, alcohol intake, smoking status and physical activity. When stratified by overweight status, the association remained significant in overweight individuals (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.03). The multivariable adjusted odds ratio of hs\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content>level of \u22651\u00a0mg\/L for the highest vs lowest quartile of salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>was 1.93 (95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.01\u20103.69) in overweight individuals, but not significant in non\u2010overweight individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>appears to be a promising biomarker for the mass screening of periodontitis in local community health settings. High salivary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDH<\/jats:styled-content>levels, particularly in overweight individuals might contribute to prevention of cardiovascular disease, through measuring systemic inflammatory burdens as well as traditional cardiovascular risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T06:26:53Z","timestamp":1518676013000},"page":"487-494","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Association of salivary lactate dehydrogenase level with systemic inflammation in a Japanese population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8638-912X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Miyoshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Ehime Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Tanigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Ehime Japan"},{"name":"Ehime Dental Association Ehime Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Eguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Ehime Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Nursing and Health Science Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Ehime Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1893-4202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Oral\u2010Systemic Connection Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Ehime Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901143400207"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67728-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-009-0104-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2015.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"483","article-title":"C\u2010reactive protein as a risk factor for coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta\u2010analyses for the U.S","volume":"151","author":"Buckley DI","year":"2009","journal-title":"Preventive Services Task Force. 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