{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:16:43Z","timestamp":1789769803280,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]],"date-time":"2018-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State Research Foundation","award":["2017\/00067-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/00067-9"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Little is known about the correspondence of cytokines detected among the different biological matrices used in periodontal research and whether locally\u2010detected cytokine\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n can also be identified at the translated protein level. The aims of this study were to compare: (a) the detection of classic cytokines at protein level in corresponding samples of serum, gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid (\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in subjects with periodontitis and (b) the detection of cytokines at protein level in\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n and tissue with their detection at\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n level in tissue.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Protein concentrations of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101\u03b2,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 and\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 were measured in corresponding samples of\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n , gingival tissue and serum from 125 subjects with chronic periodontitis by multiplex immunoassay. The\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels of these cytokines were evaluated in the same gingival tissue by\n qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The mean protein concentrations of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101\u00df and\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 were higher in tissue and\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n than in serum (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05). The mean protein concentration of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 was higher in tissue, followed by serum and\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n , respectively (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05). Using serum as the gold standard, detection of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101\u00df in\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 in tissue had the highest sensitivity (100%), while detection of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 in the\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n had the lowest sensitivity (77.9%). Using tissue as the gold standard, the detection sensitivities of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101\u00df,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 and\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 were 93.6%, 78.4% and 94.2%, respectively, in\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Using\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n as the gold standard, the detection of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101\u00df and\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 at the protein level in tissue (100.0%) had the highest sensitivity, while the detection of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 in\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n (77.9%) had the lowest sensitivity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Tissue and\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n exhibited overall higher protein concentrations of cytokines than serum.\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n presented good reliability for identifying the target cytokines at protein level, when compared with detecting tissue cytokines at protein level.\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n and tissue presented high sensitivities for detecting cytokines at the protein level, when compared with detecting tissue cytokines at the\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n level. The sensitivity for the identification of cytokines in the\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n depended on the target cytokine, where\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 was the least likely cytokine to be detected in this matrix.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]],"date-time":"2018-10-26T04:51:17Z","timestamp":1540529477000},"page":"174-179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Protein and\n mRNA<\/scp>\n detection of classic cytokines in corresponding samples of serum, gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid from subjects with periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8872-5943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poliana Mendes","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental Research Division Guarulhos University Guarulhos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia","family":"de Lorenzo Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental Research Division Guarulhos University Guarulhos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental Research Division Guarulhos University Guarulhos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Feres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental Research Division Guarulhos University Guarulhos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Giro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental Research Division Guarulhos University Guarulhos 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