{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:47:20Z","timestamp":1774529240885,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015R1A4A1041219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015R1A4A1041219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1A5A2023879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1A5A2023879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interleukin (IL)\u20101 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 are inflammatory cytokines that play an important role in periodontitis, and their genetic variations have been suggested to be associated with increased risk of periodontitis. Focusing on three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL\u20101\u03b1\u00a0+\u00a04845, IL\u20101\u03b2\u00a0+\u00a03954, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2212863, we aimed to investigate the relationship between periodontitis risk and the polymorphisms of IL\u20101 \u03b1\/\u03b2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 in Koreans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mouthwash samples from 548 subjects (135 controls without periodontitis, 387 generalized chronic periodontitis patients, and 26 generalized aggressive periodontitis patients) were collected for isolation of genomic DNA. Genotyping of selected SNPs was performed using real\u2010time PCR. Univariable associations between the polymorphisms and periodontitis were assessed by chi\u2010squared test or Fisher's exact test. To evaluate the association after controlling for confounding effects of various risk factors, we stratified the subjects according to the presence or absence of self\u2010reported diseases and employed multiple logistic regression model to adjust for age, smoking status, and oral hygiene indices and behaviors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant association of IL\u20101\u03b2\u00a0+\u00a03954 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2212863 polymorphisms with periodontitis was observed after adjusting for the confounding risk factors, but not in univariable association analysis. The significant association between genotype CT of IL\u20101\u03b2\u00a0+\u00a03954 and increased risk of advanced periodontitis was consistently detected regardless of the status of self\u2010reported diseases. In the polymorphism of TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2212863, the genotype with minor allele (CA\u00a0+\u00a0AA) was significantly associated with periodontitis susceptibility, which was observed only in the subjects with self\u2010reported diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that genetic variations of IL\u20101\u03b2\u00a0+\u00a03954 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2212863 are associated with increased risk of periodontitis in Koreans. In addition, our findings underscore the importance of controlling for confounding risk factors to detect significant association between genetic factors and risk of periodontitis. A further well\u2010designed large\u2010scale study is needed to warrant our results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T07:09:03Z","timestamp":1593760143000},"page":"905-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Detection of association between periodontitis and polymorphisms of IL\u20101\u03b2\u00a0+\u00a03954 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010863 in the Korean population after controlling for confounding risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7553-6289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun\u2010Joo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Research Institute Pusan National University Dental Hospital Yangsan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental and Life Science Institute School of Dentistry Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9225-5865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun\u2010Hye","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helixco Inc. Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6636-3515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ae Kyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2302-430X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yerang","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helixco Inc. Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2624-0443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jihoon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helixco Inc. Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0080-9398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaesung","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helixco Inc. Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4228-1299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong","family":"Bhak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Genomics Industrialization and Commercialization Center Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Clinomics Inc Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0772-033X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju\u2010Youn","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Research Institute Pusan National University Dental Hospital Yangsan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental and Life Science Institute School of Dentistry Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4891-9679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byung Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinomics Inc Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4050-5797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u2010Young","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Research Institute Pusan National University Dental Hospital Yangsan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental and Life Science Institute School of Dentistry Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2013.09.001"},{"issue":"62","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Periodontitis: a host\u2010mediated disruption of microbial homeostasis. 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