{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:42:13Z","timestamp":1792010533929,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08DE027119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08DE027119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008090","name":"Tufts University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare IL\u20101\u03b2 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from healthy and periodontitis sites of <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B(3954)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)<\/jats:italic> positive and <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B(3954)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>SNP<\/jats:italic> negative periodontitis subjects in association with their bacterial profiles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Susceptibility to periodontitis has been associated with several risk factors, including allelic variants at multiple gene loci. Variations in the <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic> gene cluster have been linked with increased risk for periodontitis. <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B(3954)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>SNP<\/jats:italic> has been previously associated with increased levels of IL\u20101\u03b2 in GCF or periodontal tissues in chronic periodontitis patients, as well as higher levels of specific periodontal pathogens. There is insufficient evidence to conclude if <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B<\/jats:italic> gene polymorphisms affect the susceptibility to periodontitis by ultimately modulating the levels of IL\u20101\u03b2 in GCF, the subgingival microbial profile or both.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>GCF, subgingival plaque, and buccal epithelial cells were collected from 32 individuals with periodontitis. GCF IL\u20101\u03b2 levels were measured by an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bacterial plaque samples were analyzed for 11 periodontal pathogens using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis with specific primers for the 16SrRNA gene of each bacterium. <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B(3954)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>SNP<\/jats:italic> status was determined by identifying the carriers of the polymorphic T allele.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant association was shown between <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B(3954)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>SNP<\/jats:italic> and IL\u20101\u03b2 GCF levels (amount and concentration). The concomitant presence of two or three red complex bacterial species was associated with increased IL\u20101\u03b2 GCF levels in periodontitis sites (site\u2010level analysis). The concurrent presence of all three red complex periodontal pathogens and <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B(3954)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>SNP<\/jats:italic> was associated with the highest IL\u20101\u03b2 GCF levels in periodontitis sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate an independent association of both <jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>1B(3954)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>SNP<\/jats:italic> and red complex bacterial species with increased IL\u20101\u03b2 levels in GCF of periodontitis sites. A better understanding of the interaction between genetics, bacteria, and inflammation is essential to develop more effective diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,27]],"date-time":"2021-02-27T07:18:35Z","timestamp":1614410315000},"page":"501-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["IL\u20101B(3954) polymorphism and red complex bacteria increase IL\u20101\u03b2 (GCF) levels in periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Pinelopi","family":"Pani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dentistry\/Periodontology Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Tsilioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory Department of Immunology Tufts University School of Medicine Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"McGlennen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Access Genetics OralDNA<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>Labs Minnesota MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carrie A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Emmes Corporation Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles E.","family":"Hawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Tufts University School of Dental Medicine Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theoharis C.","family":"Theoharides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory Department of Immunology Tufts University School of Medicine Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6425-4777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelos","family":"Papathanasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Tufts University School of Dental Medicine Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Center for Clinical and Translational Research Forsyth Institute Cambridge MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514552491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512457373"},{"issue":"75","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Periodontitis: facts, fallacies and the future","volume":"2017","author":"Slots J","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.38"},{"issue":"75","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Host modulation: controlling the inflammation to control the infection","volume":"2017","author":"Mark Bartold P","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2337"},{"issue":"83","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"The role of inflammation and genetics in periodontal disease","volume":"2020","author":"Loos BG","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"issue":"40","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Host\u2010mediated resolution of inflammation in periodontal diseases","volume":"2006","author":"Kantarci A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130301400605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.3.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00088.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1991.62.5.293"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12639"},{"issue":"43","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"102","article-title":"The role of genetic polymorphisms in periodontitis","volume":"2007","author":"Yoshie H","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110655"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1997.tb01187.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12621"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"517","article-title":"Interleukin\u20101 as a genetic marker for periodontitis: review of the literature","volume":"41","author":"Grigoriadou ME","year":"2010","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.6.567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2000.027011810.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1972.43.1.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1999.tb02226.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090397"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2156-8-79"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.96815"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg796"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512453589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00546-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Association of interleukin\u20101 beta (+3954) gene polymorphism and gingival crevicular fluid levels in patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis","volume":"24","author":"Yucel OO","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genet Couns"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.100565"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1804727"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02370.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2000.035003172.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1998.00300.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12600"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3785"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-28524-1_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05940-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034513492336"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontal Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jre.12850","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jre.12850","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jre.12850","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T22:47:05Z","timestamp":1693608425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jre.12850"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jre.12850"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jre.12850","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3484","1600-0765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3484","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}