{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:42:46Z","timestamp":1787740966257,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Nos81701006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Nos81701006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The molecular mechanisms mediating external root resorption are poorly understood. Interleukin\u201033 (IL\u201033) expression increased remarkably in the periodontal ligament (PDL) under orthodontic loading. The IL\u201033\u2010driven responses are delicately cell type\u2010 and tissue context\u2010dependent. It is unknown how IL\u201033 act on osteoclastogenesis in the context of root surface. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL\u201033 on osteoclastogenesis in the PDL under mechanical loading.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6J mice were treated with injections of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) or recombinant mouse IL\u201033 (rmIL\u201033, 6\u00a0\u03bcl, 30\u2009\u03bcg\/ml), and subjected to models of orthodontic tooth movement. Tartrated resistant acid phosphates (TRAP)\u2010positive cells and IL\u201033 expressions were examined in the PDL. IL\u201033 release from human PDL cells (hPDLCs) was detected by ELISA. Cementoblast\u2010like (OCCM\u201030) cells were cultured in the presence of rmIL\u201033 to examine the release of osteoclast\u2010regulatory proteins. The effects of rmIL\u201033 on osteoclastogenesis were examined in vitro in cultures of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) and in BMMs\u2010OCCM\u201030 cocultures. Expressions of osteoclast\u2010specific or \u2010related genes and proteins were investigated in BMMs\u2010OCCM\u201030 cocultures treated with or without rmIL\u201033, in the presence or absence of granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (GM\u2010CSF) neutralizing antibody.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interleukin\u201033 expressions were upregulated in the PDL under orthodontic loading. Static compressive force enhanced expression and release of IL\u201033 from hPDLCs. Administration of rmIL\u201033 resulted in reduced number of TRAP\u2010positive cells in the PDL, and inhibited osteoclast differentiation from BMMs in vitro. OCCM\u201030 cells had varied osteoprotegerin (OPG) \/ receptor activator for nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB ligand (RANKL) secretion and increased release of GM\u2010CSF under rmIL\u201033 stimulation. Treatment with rmIL\u201033 in BMMs\u2010OCCM\u201030 cocultures resulted in inhibited differentiation and decreased activity of osteoclasts, and these effects were partially reversed by GM\u2010CSF neutralizing antibody.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interleukin\u201033 inhibits osteoclastogenesis in the PDL under orthodontic loading. The anti\u2010osteoclastogenic effects were mediated partly by directly affecting osteoclast precursors and partly by cementoblast\u2010mediated release of GM\u2010CSF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T19:04:22Z","timestamp":1659726262000},"page":"1003-1013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by interleukin\u201033 administration in the periodontal ligament under mechanical loading"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4864195"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016357.2017.1294260"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516677539"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2692"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-017-0115-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104663"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2016.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12533"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2010.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910808700405"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517690388"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910708601011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12794"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2011.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2003.00686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-007-0024-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.9.1247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3RU0316-144R"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37762"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.10249"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontal Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jre.13039","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jre.13039","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jre.13039","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T23:10:15Z","timestamp":1692745815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jre.13039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jre.13039"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jre.13039","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3484","1600-0765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3484","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}