{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:42:26Z","timestamp":1790113346845,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), zonula occludens\u20101 (ZO\u20101), occludin (Occ), and tricellulin (Tric) in periodontitis, as well as their alterations due to smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tight junctions (TJ), which consist of transmembrane and cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins, connect the epithelial cells of the periodontium. Occ, claudins, junctional adhesion molecules, and Tric are transmembrane TJ proteins found at the cell membrane. The transmembrane TJ proteins and the intracellular cytoskeleton are directly linked by cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins such as ZO\u20101. Although the functions and locations of these molecules have been defined, their behavior in periodontal inflammation is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included four groups: individuals with periodontal health without smoking (C; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200931), individuals with generalized Stage III periodontitis without smoking (P; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928), individuals with periodontal health while smoking (CS; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922), and individuals with generalized Stage III periodontitis while smoking (PS; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200918). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded, and enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine ZO\u20101, Occ, Tric, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 levels in GCF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the periodontitis groups, clinical parameters were significantly higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). The site\u2010specific levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1, ZO\u20101, Tric, and Occ in the P group were statistically higher than those in the other groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). TNF\u2010\u03b1, probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) exhibited positive correlations with all TJ proteins (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.005).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smoking could potentially affect the levels of epithelial TJ proteins in the GCF, thereby potentially playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T07:37:36Z","timestamp":1694504256000},"page":"1281-1289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Expression of tight junction proteins in smokers and non\u2010smokers with generalized Stage III periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6897-0773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeliha","family":"G\u00fcney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Ankara University  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Ankara Medipol University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7868-4217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u015eivge","family":"Kurgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Ankara University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8995-6361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Canan","family":"\u00d6nder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Ankara 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