{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:14:26Z","timestamp":1791987266204,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies suggest interaction between periodontitis and thyroid function, while the causality has not yet been established. We applied the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to assess bidirectional causal association between periodontitis and thyroid\u2010related traits, including free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genetic instruments were extracted from large\u2010scale genome\u2010wide association studies on normal\u2010range FT4 (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200949\u2009269) and TSH (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200954\u2009288) levels, TSH in full range (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009119\u2009715); hypothyroidism (discovery\/replication cohorts: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200953\u2009423\/334 316), hyperthyroidism (discovery\/replication cohorts: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200951\u2009823\/257 552), AITD (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009755\u2009406) and periodontitis (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200945\u2009563). Here, the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was applied as the primary analysis, and robustness of results were assessed by several pleiotropic\u2010robust methods. Results were adjusted for Bonferroni correction thresholds with significant <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.004 (0.05\/13) and suggestive <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> between .004 and .05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The IVW analysis revealed a suggestively causal linkage between genetic predisposition to periodontitis and the increased risk of hypothyroidism (discovery cohort: odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20091.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.05\u20131.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.012; replication cohort: OR\u2009=\u20091.06, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.01\u20131.11, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011). No evidence was found for supporting the impact of periodontitis on hyperthyroidism and AITD risks (associated <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2265\u2009.209), as well as thyroid\u2010related traits on periodontitis risk (associated <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2265\u2009.105). These findings were robust and consistent through sensitivity analysis with other MR models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This bidirectional MR reveals periodontitis should not be attributed to variations in thyroid function but it has potential causal effect on hypothyroidism risk, which provides a better understanding of the relationship between periodontitis and thyroid function, and potential evidence for the clinical intervention of hypothyroidism. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the nature and underlying mechanisms of this finding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T13:59:40Z","timestamp":1704808780000},"page":"491-499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Periodontitis and thyroid function: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital)  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital)  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanzheng","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital)  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2148-3537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanhong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital)  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00488-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13895"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2008.01144.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01682-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016010098"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq098"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10630-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06356-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17718-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2436-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-03995-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.03.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a007294"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034513487559"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1995.tb00136.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4781(94)90265-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-013-0460-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21155184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12435"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)32302-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-6-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347442"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"865","article-title":"Obesity, bone loss, and periodontitis: the interlink","volume":"12","author":"Zhao P","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomol Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13531"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-016-0330-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0457"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","first-page":"e4809","article-title":"Thyrotropin, hyperthyroidism, and bone mass","volume":"106","author":"Kim SM","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/enr-2021-0014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(87)80251-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.22-0249"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14582"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontal Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jre.13240","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T17:40:44Z","timestamp":1716486044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jre.13240"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jre.13240"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jre.13240","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3484","1600-0765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3484","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}