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This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and translational potential of NPs in these fields. Following a presentation of their classification and discussion of their physicochemical properties, the key biological functions of NPs are summarized. These include antimicrobial activity, immunomodulation, promotion of tissue regeneration, sustained drug delivery, and imaging applications. Collectively, these properties hold promise to revolutionize the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of periodontal and peri\u2010implant diseases, improve osseointegration, and enhance both soft\u2010 and hard\u2010tissue regeneration. Nonetheless, issues related to biodistribution, biocompatibility, and potential toxicity warrant careful evaluation. 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