{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T06:16:34Z","timestamp":1782886594579,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\/14430\u20103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/14430\u20103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DE019456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DE019456"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n \n Molar\u2010Incisor (\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MIP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and Generalized (\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010G) Grade C Periodontitis could have distinctive etiopathogenesis behind their unique clinical patterns. Thus, this study aimed to distinguish these two phenotypes by analyzing the subgingival metagenomic profile and the inflammatory markers levels.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n In this cross\u2010sectional comparative study, Gingival Crevicular Fluid (\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and Subgingival Biofilm (\n SB<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) were collected from 18\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MIP<\/jats:styled-content>\n North Americans and 14 periodontally healthy controls (\n HC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) from the same location (\n HC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MIP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and 20\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010G Brazilians and 20 controls (\n HC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010G). From\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n , immunoenzymatic analysis was performed.\n SB<\/jats:styled-content>\n functional and taxonomic bacterial content was determined using shotgun metagenomics sequencing.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Taxonomic results showed significantly different alpha\u2010 and beta\u2010diversity profiles between disease groups (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05).\n \n Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n Streptococcus sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n were associated with\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MIP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; levels of\n \n Tannerella forsythia<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n \n Filifactor alocis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n \n Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n Fretibacterium fastidiosum<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n \n Treponema denticola<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n were significantly enriched at\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010G (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05).\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010G had the function for flagellar assembly enriched, while\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MIP SB<\/jats:styled-content>\n was associated with biofilm formation of\n \n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . Different\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n inflammatory marker levels for each pattern resulted in\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010G presenting higher levels of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101\u03b2,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106, and\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010 than\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MIP<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010G and\n PerioC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MIP<\/jats:styled-content>\n presented different taxonomical profiles and\n GCF<\/jats:styled-content>\n cytokine levels, raising the hypothesis that they may represent two different stages\/susceptibility patterns of Periodontitis Grade C.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.70077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T08:57:37Z","timestamp":1770713857000},"page":"382-395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molar\u2013Incisor and Generalized Grade C Periodontitis: Distinct Microbiome\u2013Immune Interactions Suggest Divergent Pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5125-2326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila S.","family":"Stolf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9lvis E. S.","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9192-1686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murilo C.","family":"Paraluppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela M. V.","family":"Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Practice and Center of Oral Health Research University of Kentucky College of Dentistry Lexington Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9468-0729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro P.","family":"Santamaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Practice and Center of Oral Health Research University of Kentucky College of Dentistry Lexington Kentucky USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos School of Dentistry S\u00e3o Paulo State University S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9333-4349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mabelle F.","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deyvid E.","family":"Amgarten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade Israelita de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade Albert Einstein Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel R. A.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade Israelita de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade Albert Einstein Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6928-8522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana S.","family":"Branco\u2010de\u2010Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry II Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0948-1667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana M.","family":"Shaddox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Practice and Center of Oral Health Research University of Kentucky College of Dentistry Lexington Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1037-591X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato C. 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