{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T19:02:30Z","timestamp":1790017350720,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01DE031270\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01DE031270\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R25DE03355901A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R25DE03355901A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Implant dentistry has historically centered on osseointegration, yet it is now evident that soft\u2010tissue integration is equally critical for long\u2010term success. The stability of bone\u2010anchored dental implants hinges on the establishment and maintenance of a stable attachment that mirrors, at least functionally, the supracrestal attachment around teeth. This review synthesizes current understanding of how the soft tissue\u2013implant interface forms and how it is maintained over time. This interface comprises (i) a rapidly developing peri\u2010implant epithelium and (ii) a connective\u2010tissue component that gradually rebuilds its collagen architecture after implant placement. Although current knowledge is surprisingly limited, evidence indicates that neither the epithelium nor the connective tissues form a true attachment to the implant surface or prosthetic components. Soft\u2010tissue dimensions, the role of keratinization of the peri\u2010implant epithelium, the characteristic presence of inflammation within peri\u2010implant connective tissue, and the biological and clinical determinants shaping the formation and maintenance of this interface are discussed, highlighting major knowledge gaps for future research. Finally, we examine the contribution of soft\u2010tissue phenotype to peri\u2010implant diseases and soft\u2010tissue dehiscence. A better understanding of the principles governing the development and homeostasis of soft tissue\u2013implant interfaces may inform strategies to improve the barrier function of peri\u2010implant soft tissues around all bone\u2010anchored implants, ultimately guiding future translational research to enhance implant longevity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.70091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T07:12:38Z","timestamp":1774509158000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Soft\u2010Tissue Integration of Dental Implants: Formation, Maintenance, and Relevance for Peri\u2010Implant Health"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8854-4253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Aellos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axelle","family":"Clavelier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5372-5093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni E.","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Medicine Department of Periodontology University of Bern Freiburgstrasse 7  Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Romandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0463-396X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill A.","family":"Helms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_18_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2006.001366.x","article-title":"Soft\u2010Tissue Integration of Implants. Consensus Report of Working Group 2","volume":"17","author":"Klinge B.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Implants Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_18_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12563","article-title":"Keratinized Mucosa Around Implants in Partially Edentulous Posterior Mandible: 10\u2010Year Results of a Prospective Comparative Study","volume":"27","author":"Roccuzzo M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Implants Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_18_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.14059","article-title":"Soft\u2010Tissue Phenotype as a Risk Indicator of Peri\u2010Implantitis and Peri\u2010Implant Soft\u2010Tissue Dehiscence\u2010A Cross\u2010Sectional Study","volume":"51","author":"Isler S. 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