{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T14:20:32Z","timestamp":1780323632602,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Rural Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Rural Communities Opioid Response Program (RCORP) was funded to help rural communities improve prevention, treatment, and recovery services for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), including increasing the supply of clinicians with a Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) waiver to prescribe buprenorphine, which was required before 2023. This research investigates the impact of RCORP funding on the supply of DEA\u2010waivered clinicians in rural communities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used 2017\u20132022 DEA lists of waivered clinicians to assign clinicians to US counties. Using RCORP service area data, we classified rural counties as either being served by an RCORP grantee or not. We calculated the number of counties in each category with a waivered clinician, clinician\u2010to\u2010population ratios, and treatment slot\u2010to\u2010population ratios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2017, 3.7% more of RCORP funded counties had a waivered clinician than non\u2010RCORP counties. RCORP counties also had 1.2 more waivered clinicians per 100,000 population and 57.5 more treatment slots per 100,000 population compared to non\u2010RCORP counties. From 2017 to 2022, these differences more than doubled. The supply of waivered clinicians varied across Census Divisions. In most Census Divisions, a greater percentage of RCORP counties had a waivered clinician as well as more waivered clinicians and treatment slots per population, except for the Pacific Census Division, which had more clinicians and treatment slots per population in non\u2010RCORP counties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study findings suggest that federal investments to expand rural OUD patients\u2019 access to care may have been successful, but only if increases in clinician supply translate into greater provision of OUD treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T01:30:03Z","timestamp":1721957403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Expanding the opioid use disorder medication treatment workforce in rural communities through the RCORP initiative"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9678-7933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. Holly A.","family":"Andrilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine WWAMI Rural Health Research Center, University of Washington School of Medicine  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8236-7810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara C.","family":"Woolcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine WWAMI Rural Health Research Center, University of Washington School of Medicine  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JBS International  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1795-0956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davis G.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine WWAMI Rural Health Research Center, University of Washington School of Medicine  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6911a4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics.Provisional Data Shows U.S. Drug Overdose Deaths Top 100 000 in 2022. NCHS: A Blog of the National Center for Health Statistics. Published May 18 2023. Accessed November 7 2023.https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/nchs\/2023\/05\/18\/7365\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12569"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2023.2023. Accessed September 12 2023.https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/117\/bills\/hr2617\/BILLS\u2010117hr2617enr.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000.2000. Accessed November 3 2023.https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/106\/bills\/hr2634\/BILLS\u2010106hr2634pcs.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016. Vol 695.2016. Accessed November 8 2023.https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/114\/plaws\/publ198\/PLAW\u2010114publ198.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Substance Use Disorder Prevention That Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment Act. Vol 3894.2018. Accessed November 8 2023.https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/115\/plaws\/publ271\/PLAW\u2010115publ271.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"\u00a7 8.2 Definitions. Vol 42 CFR 8.610. Accessed November 29 2023.https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title\u201042\/part\u20108\/section\u20108.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00a7 8.610 Which Practitioners Are Eligible for a Patient Limit of 275?Vol 42 CFR 8.610. Accessed November 29 2023.https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title\u201042\/part\u20108\/section\u20108.610","DOI":"10.2514\/8.4839"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.5038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2019.00859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1735"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"US Drug Enforcement Administration.Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Registrants Dataset. Accessed October 1 2022.https:\/\/apps.deadiversion.usdoj.gov\/RDA\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","volume-title":"The Supply and Distribution of the Primary Care Health Workforce in Rural America","author":"Larson EH","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"Changes in the Supply and Rural\u2010Urban Distribution of Selected Behavioral Health Providers","author":"Andrilla C","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12743"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16318"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7006a4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","volume-title":"2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"Opioid Response.Health Resources and Services Administration. Published August 2023. Accessed November 7 2023.https:\/\/www.hrsa.gov\/rural\u2010health\/opioid\u2010response"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","unstructured":"Federal Office of Rural Health Policy Health Resources and Services Administration.Notice of Funding Opportunity Rural Communities Opioid Response Program\u2010Implementation.2019. Accessed March 19 2024.https:\/\/apply07.grants.gov\/apply\/opportunities\/instructions\/PKG00248888\u2010instructions.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service.Urban Influence Codes. Published online 2013. Accessed January 24 2022.https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/data\u2010products\/urban\u2010influence\u2010codes\/documentation\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"US Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development. HUD USPS ZIP Code Crosswalk Files. 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Accessed October 17 2023.https:\/\/www.rcorp\u2010ta.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2023\u201011\/ALL%20RCORP%20Counties%202018\u20102023_updated%2011.16.23_1.xlsx"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14436"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12404"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12328"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","unstructured":"University of Vermont Center on Rural Addiction.National Report: Rural Substance Use Disorder Stigma and Treatment Needs.2023. Accessed September 26 2023.https:\/\/www.uvmcora.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/UPDATED\u2010UVM\u2010CORA_National\u2010Report_Rural\u2010Substance\u2010Use\u2010Disorder\u2010Stigma\u2010and\u2010Treatment\u2010Needs_September\u20102023.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.109933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","volume-title":"Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 1999\u20132019","author":"Hedegaard H","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.6373"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2020.102704"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11782218221103859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","volume-title":"An Examination of Stigma\u2010Related Technical Assistance Provided to Rural Communities Opioid Response Program (RCORP) Grantees","author":"Burchim S","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","volume-title":"RCORP Grantees\u2019 Sustained Challenges, Technical Assistance Needs, and Technical Assistance Provided: A Review of the September 2022 Request for Information","author":"Burchim S","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","volume-title":"RCORP Grantees\u2019 Anticipated Needs for Technical Assistance: Findings from the March 2022 Request for Information","author":"Miller S","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Rural Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jrh.12867","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jrh.12867","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jrh.12867","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:29:01Z","timestamp":1778740141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jrh.12867"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jrh.12867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jrh.12867","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-765X","1748-0361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-765X","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-0361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e12867"}}