{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:33:59Z","timestamp":1792100039916,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Rural Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the COVID\u201019 pandemic, telehealth services were expanded across the United States to meet the increased demand and safety requirements of care. This observational study aims to understand rural\u2010urban differences in telehealth utilization during the early part of the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individual\u2010level data from the National Health Interview Survey 2020\u20102021 (age \u226518) were analyzed for this study. The Propensity Score Matching method with multivariable Ordinary Least Square was used to analyze 2 outcome variables\u2014(1) having a medical appointment by video or phone in the past 12 months and (2) having a virtual one for reasons related to the pandemic. Event study models were analyzed to understand the trend of telehealth utilization throughout 6 quarters of the pandemic. Subgroup analysis by health insurance, age, sex, race, citizenship, and disability status was performed to identify underlying disparities between rural and urban residents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Analysis reveals that rural respondents (N = 6,984) were 8.7 percentage points (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.001) less likely than urban respondents (N = 40,207) to have a medical appointment by video or phone. Rural residents were 8.1 percentage points (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.001) less likely to have had a virtual medical appointment because of reasons related to the COVID\u201019 pandemic than urban users. The event study showed that rural\u2010urban telehealth utilization disparities persisted throughout the pandemic. Subgroup analysis revealed significant rural\u2010urban disparities in telehealth utilization by demographic characteristics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results demonstrate that rural residents were less likely than urban residents to utilize telehealth services during the COVID\u201019 pandemic, highlighting concerns about access to care for rural residents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T01:06:13Z","timestamp":1735175173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Disparities in telehealth utilization between US rural and urban areas during the COVID\u201019 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5591-3494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Redwan","family":"Bin Abdul Baten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management and Policy College of Health and Human Services Affiliate Faculty, Public Policy Program University of North Carolina at Charlotte  Charlotte North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema Tuz","family":"Zohora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Dhaka Dental College University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Umar Hasan","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health School of Health and Life Sciences North South University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd17.200256"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Rural America at a Glance 2021 Edition","author":"Dobis EA","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2020.0151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12822"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Health Care Professional Workforce Composition before and after Rural Hospital Closure","author":"Mobley E","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/fch.0000000000000306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.37445"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/29575"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"HHS USDoHaHS.Telehealth Policy Changes after the COVID\u201019 Public Health Emergency.Health Resources and Services Administration. 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