{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T14:29:10Z","timestamp":1768919350378,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":32,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Rural Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the extent to which there were disparities in access to recommended preventive oral services between US\u2010based children living in rural versus urban areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study used cross\u2010sectional, parent\u2010reported National Survey of Children's Health data from 2022, which is the most current year of publicly available data when analyses were performed. Inclusion criteria included all children from the ages of 2 through 17. The US Census Bureau definition of rural was used to guide the analyses. Survey procedures within Stata were used to build the multiple regression models. To test the association between the main predictor variable (i.e., rural\u2013urban designation) and outcome variable (i.e., percentage of those receiving five recommended preventive dental services), five sets of multiple logistic regressions were used, which controlled for the effects of all the other covariates. The STROBE checklist for cross\u2010sectional studies was used for reporting purposes in this manuscript.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controlling for the effects of covariates, there was no association of living in an urban area (as opposed to a rural area) and children receiving any of the five recommended services, including comprehensive oral examination, prophylaxis, sealants, radiographs, and fluoride treatments (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study demonstrated the lack of disparities in utilization of preventive dental procedures among US\u2010based children, which may be attributable to factors such as innovative service delivery models integrating telehealth and community\u2010based management in rural communities, COVID\u201019, and public insurance expansion. Future studies should be conducted to track whether the trend of eroding disparities remains consistent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.70022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T10:30:47Z","timestamp":1743762647000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Examination of rural\u2013urban disparities in utilization of preventive dental procedures in the US pediatric population: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0521-4983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Affan","family":"Ghaffari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katelyn Y.","family":"Graves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell F.","family":"Bradbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey S.","family":"Harman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"America Counts Staff.One in five Americans live in rural areas.U.S. Census Bureau;2017.https:\/\/www.census.gov\/library\/stories\/2017\/08\/rural\u2010america.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.About Rural Health.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2024.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rural\u2010health\/php\/about\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2021.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12222"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Rural\u2010urban disparities in the distribution of dental caries among children in south\u2010eastern Louisiana: a cross\u2010sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Afaneh H","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-0483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910608500211"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001830.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jphd.12444"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"LauroreJB BaziyantsG DailyS.Health care access for infants and toddlers in rural areas.Child Trends.2020(7):1\u201039."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12500"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"National Advisory Committee on Rural Health and Human Services.Improving oral health care services in rural America.National Advisory Committee on Rural Health and Human Services;2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/amajethics.2022.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"Health Resources and Services Administration.Designated Health Professional Shortage Areas statistics: third quarter of fiscal year 2024: Designated HPSA Quarterly Summary.Health Resources and Services Administration;2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35565\/CQI.2023.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","volume-title":"Hidden crisis: pediatric oral health in rural America","author":"Ignelzi M","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2009.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/39955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2002.0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"US Census Bureau.2022 National survey of children's health: methodology report. 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