{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:01:07Z","timestamp":1789995667096,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":80,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL139120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL139120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Rural Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost 1 in 5 children live in rural communities, which are more obesogenic than urban communities. Because rural schools have a higher proportion of students participating in the National School Lunch Program compared to urban schools, we aimed to understand rural\u2013urban differences in student fruit and vegetable (FV) selection, consumption, and waste during lunch.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This secondary analysis used baseline data from a cluster\u2010randomized trial testing school\u2010lunch salad bar and FV marketing interventions between 2017 and 2019 across elementary (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 13), middle (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 12), and high schools (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 12) in Arizona. Students\u2019 objective FV selection, consumption, and waste was measured using digital scales to the nearest 2 g. Mixed effects zero\u2010inflated negative binomial models tested the effect of school rurality (rural vs. non\u2010rural), adjusted for sociodemographic and within\u2010school clustering.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Rural and non\u2010rural schools did not differ on average FV selection, consumption, or waste. However, sex and eating duration significantly interacted with rurality (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). In non\u2010rural schools, girls were 33% more likely to select FVs for lunch compared to boys (OR = 0.43,\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u20132.73,\n                      <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.009) and slower eaters in non\u2010rural areas had 1.16 greater odds of selecting FVs compared to faster eaters (OR = 1.16,\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u20135.65,\n                      <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.002).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Unexpectedly, rurality was not a correlate of students\u2019 FV selection, consumption, or waste during school lunch. However, associations between sex, eating duration, and FV selection in non\u2010rural schools aligned with the broader scientific literature. These relations were not observed in rural schools, highlighting the need to better understand the influence of sociodemographic factors and eating styles on children's eating behaviors in rural schools.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.70208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T10:46:26Z","timestamp":1787222786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of School Rurality on Fruit and Vegetable Selection Differs by Sex and Eating Duration for Arizona Schools"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7319-4975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Curnutte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3157-6566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaina L.","family":"Pearce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions Arizona State University  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Traci","family":"Grgich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions Arizona State University  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8301-8040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meg","family":"Bruening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) \u201cDefining Rural Population \u201d Published online June 25 2020 https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/guidance\/document\/defining\u2010rural\u2010population#:~:text=Office%20of%20Management%20and%20Budget%20Definition&text=A%20Metro%20area%20contains%20a 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School Lunch Program Meal Pattern \u201d Food and Nutrition Service accessed January 6 2026 https:\/\/www.fns.usda.gov\/school\u2010meals\/nutrition\u2010standards\/nslp\u2010meal\u2010pattern."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2013.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12432"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2017.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5304\/jafscd.2015.061.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"C.Newman Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by School Lunch Participants: Implications for the Success of New Nutrition Standards(United States Department of Agriculture 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