{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T03:20:00Z","timestamp":1789874400044,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]],"date-time":"2014-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>To describe the clinical appearance, laboratory findings and response to treatment of dogs with inflammatory joint disease associated with <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> infection<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Retrospective analysis of case records of dogs with serologically confirmed leishmaniasis and concurrent inflammatory joint disease presented between 2005 and 2011<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>In total, 14 cases met the inclusion criteria. Of these, five (36%) dogs were presented with monoarthritis, five (36%) with oligoarthritis and four (28%) with polyarthritis. The most frequently affected joint was the carpus. Both erosive and non\u2010erosive disease was identified on radiographic examination. All dogs had an inflammatory synovial fluid with a high white cell count and a preponderance of neutrophils, and in eight (57%) cases <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> amastigotes were found in the synovial fluid smears<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Dogs were treated with 50 mg\/kg <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methylglucamine antimoniate twice a day for 1 month and 10\u2009mg\/kg allopurinol twice a day for 6 to 9 months combined with prednisolone in five cases. At the 6\u2010month follow\u2010up, eight (57%) dogs showed improvement in general and orthopaedic signs and four (28%) dogs were stable<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Leishmaniasis should be considered a differential diagnosis in dogs with inflammatory arthritis in endemic areas<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]],"date-time":"2014-04-03T09:34:38Z","timestamp":1396517678000},"page":"309-313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Retrospective study of 14 cases of canine arthritis secondary to\u2009<i>Leishmania<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Sbrana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  San Piero a Grado Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  San Piero a Grado Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Mancianti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Animal Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Guidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  San Piero a Grado Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Comparative Medicine, Division of Small Animal Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine &amp; Life Sciences, University of Glasgow  Bearsden Glasgow G61 1QH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.153.21.648"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"2032","volume-title":"Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine","author":"Bennett D.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/tvjl.2000.0556"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1997.tb02983.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.141.21.539"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Singolare forma di leishmaniosi: lesioni osteoarticolari bilaterali del carpo e del tarso in un cane","volume":"3","author":"Cucinotta G.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Praxis Veterinaria"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Diagnostic cytology and hematology of the dog and cat","author":"Fernandes P. 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