{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:52:06Z","timestamp":1791942726485,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,12]],"date-time":"2014-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>To determine whether murmur intensity in small\u2010breed dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease reflects clinical and echocardiographic disease severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>METHODS<\/jats:title>Retrospective multi\u2010investigator study. Records of adult dogs \u00c4<\/jats:bold>20<\/jats:styled-content> kg with myxomatous mitral valve disease were examined. Murmur intensity and location were recorded and compared with echocardiographic variables and functional disease status. Murmur intensities in consecutive categories were compared for prevalences of congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and cardiac remodelling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>RESULTS<\/jats:title>578 dogs [107 with \u201csoft\u201d (30 Grade I\/VI<\/jats:styled-content> and 77 II<\/jats:styled-content>\/VI<\/jats:styled-content>), 161 with \u201cmoderate\u201d (Grade III<\/jats:styled-content>\/VI<\/jats:styled-content>), 160 with \u201cloud\u201d (Grade IV<\/jats:styled-content>\/VI<\/jats:styled-content>) and 150 with \u201cthrilling\u201d (Grade V\/VI<\/jats:styled-content> or VI<\/jats:styled-content>\/VI<\/jats:styled-content>) murmurs] were studied. No dogs with soft murmurs had congestive heart failure, and 90% had no remodelling. However, 56% of dogs with \u201cmoderate\u201d, 29% of dogs with \u201cloud\u201d and 8% of dogs with \u201cthrilling\u201d murmurs and subclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease also had no remodelling. Probability of a dog having congestive heart failure or pulmonary hypertension increased with increasing murmur intensity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE<\/jats:title>A 4\u2010level murmur grading scheme separated clinically meaningful outcomes in small\u2010breed dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Soft murmurs in small\u2010breed dogs are strongly indicative of subclinical heart disease. Thrilling murmurs are associated with more severe disease. Other murmurs are less informative on an individual basis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,12]],"date-time":"2014-09-12T06:17:03Z","timestamp":1410502623000},"page":"545-550","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Murmur intensity in small\u2010breed dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease reflects disease severity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Ljungvall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences University Animal Hospital, Swedish University of Agricultural Science SE\u2010750 07 Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rishniw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Information Network Davis CA 95616 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Porciello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia Perugia 06100 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Ferasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wey Referrals 25 Chertsey Rd, Woking Surrey GU21 5BP"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. G.","family":"Ohad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Robert H. 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