{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T12:16:29Z","timestamp":1788005789387,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]],"date-time":"2015-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pancreatitis in cats is frequently accompanied by concurrent disease in other organ systems. Co\u2010morbidities include hepatic lipidosis, inflammatory liver disease, bile duct obstruction, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, vitamin deficiency (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B12<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \/cobalamin, folate or K), intestinal lymphoma, nephritis, pulmonary thromboembolism and pleural and peritoneal effusions. \u201cTriaditis\u201d is the term used to describe concurrent inflammation of the pancreas, liver and small intestines. Triaditis has been reported in 50 to 56% of cats diagnosed with pancreatitis and 32 to 50% of those with cholangitis\/inflammatory liver disease. A definitive diagnosis of triaditis is based on the histopathological evaluation of each organ. However, the specific conditions of each organ that constitute a diagnosis of triaditis remains to be defined. While the aetiopathogenesis of pancreatitis and its relationship to inflammation in other organ systems is unclear, preliminary studies point to a heterogeneous group of conditions with differential involvement of host inflammatory and immune responses and enteric bacteria. Comprehensive, prospective studies that simultaneously evaluate the presence of predefined clinical, clinicopathological and histopathological abnormalities, coupled with high\u2010resolution evaluation of pancreaticobiliary morphology, immunological profiling and screening for bacterial colonisation are required to advance diagnosis and therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]],"date-time":"2015-01-14T01:41:53Z","timestamp":1421199713000},"page":"40-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Pancreatitis and triaditis in cats: causes and treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"K. W.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1993.tb01008.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90305-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2005.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.9.1376"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2011.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1986.188.05.507","article-title":"Diagnostic value of serum gamma\u2010glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in hepatobiliary disease in the cat","volume":"188","author":"Center S. A.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2000.tb01169.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2002.63.1187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041594"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13498596"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(98)80058-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.44-1-39"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1993.203.11.1556","article-title":"Histologically confirmed clinical toxoplasmosis in cats: 100 cases (1952\u20131990)","volume":"203","author":"Dubey J. P.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.06.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.4-2-173"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.223.469"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Feline gastrointestinal lymphoma: 67 cases (1988\u20131996)","volume":"4","author":"Fondacaro J. V.","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Journal of Comparative Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02626.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.12.2952-2958.1996","article-title":"Isolation of a novel Helicobacter species, Helicobacter cholecystus sp. nov., from the gallbladders of Syrian hamsters with cholangiofibrosis and centrilobular pancreatitis","volume":"34","author":"Franklin C. L.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91106-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1999.214.04.513","article-title":"Clinical features of inflammatory liver disease in cats: 41 cases (1983\u20131993)","volume":"214","author":"Gagne J. M.","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2006.tb01792.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2001.tb02291.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6018","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.12.6018","article-title":"Mucosal addressin is required for the development of diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice","volume":"160","author":"H\u00e4nninen A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1993.tb03165.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/E470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-16762010.0549.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3181bd6501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.219.1105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.232.3.405"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.1999.0368"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2009.00438.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.5.1536-1547.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"893","volume-title":"Current Veterinary Therapy X","author":"Macy D. W.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X12466084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2007.00450.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21219"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-011-0386-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2012.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X14520811"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.41-3-257"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.221.1724"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02451.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02580.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","first-page":"2011","article-title":"Culture\u2010independent detection of bacteria in feline pancreatitis","volume":"15","author":"Simpson K. W.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceeding of the ACVIM Forum, Denver, CO, USA, June"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2001.tb02293.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1994.tb02545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis in a cat associated with cholangitis and progressive pancreatitis","volume":"14","author":"Smart M. E.","year":"1973","journal-title":"The Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Development and analytical validation of a radioimmunoassay for the measurement of feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity in serum","volume":"68","author":"Steiner J. M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research."},{"issue":"37","key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of serum feline trypsin\u2010like immunoreactivity for the diagnosis of pancreatitis in cats","volume":"217","author":"Swift N. C.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-008-8088-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13498249"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-2791-8.50011-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2008.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb02984.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810384409"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.209.06.1114","article-title":"Relationship between inflammatory hepatic disease and inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and nephritis in cats","volume":"209","author":"Weiss D. J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1981.42.12.2036","article-title":"Pathogenesis of feline infetious peritonitis: pathologic changes and immunofluorescence","volume":"42","author":"Weiss R. C.","year":"1981","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-199407000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800810631"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.9.1306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2009.0432.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12152"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5402\/2011\/513514"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2014.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.01.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283412f4a"}],"container-title":["Journal of Small Animal Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjsap.12313","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjsap.12313","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsap.12313","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T17:49:30Z","timestamp":1747417770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsap.12313"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jsap.12313"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsap.12313","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4510","1748-5827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4510","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}