{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T19:14:07Z","timestamp":1780341247609,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]],"date-time":"2017-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Commission for Veterinary Specialisation (Spezialisierungskommission) of the Vetsuisse Faculty Bern"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the diagnostic performance of two patient\u2010side tests (RDT\u20101: Test\u2010it\u2122 and RDT\u20102 Witness\u00aeLepto) in the early diagnosis of canine leptospirosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective study of 108 dogs with leptospirosis and 53 controls. Leptospirosis was diagnosed based on compatible clinical and clinicopathologic signs and either a single microscopic agglutination test titre_ &gt;800 (n=49), seroconversion (n=53), positive urine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">real time PCR (RT\u2010PCR)<\/jats:styled-content> (n=1), evidence of spirochaetes in silver\u2010stained tissues (n=1) or a combination of these (n=4). Leptospirosis was excluded in dogs with a convincing alternative diagnosis and single microscopic agglutination testing titres _&lt;200 (n=46) or lack of seroconversion (n=7). Indices of diagnostic accuracy of the rapid diagnostic tests were calculated by comparing admission rapid diagnostic test results to the final disease status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rapid diagnostic test\u20101 was performed in 118 dogs, rapid diagnostic test\u20102 in 69 dogs and both tests in 26 dogs. Weak positive results occurred frequently representing 22\u00b76% (rapid diagnostic test\u20101) and 32\u00b73% (rapid diagnostic test\u20102) of all positive tests in dogs with leptospirosis. If weak positive rapid diagnostic tests were considered positive, rapid diagnostic test\u20101 and rapid diagnostic test\u20102 had sensitivities of 82 and 76%, specificities of 91 and 100%, positive predictive values of 94% and 100% and negative predictive values of 73% and 74%, respectively. There were some technical problems with rapid diagnostic test\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnostic performance of the rapid diagnostic tests is similar to that reported for the microscopic agglutination test. Both can support a diagnosis of leptospirosis with high specificity but leptospirosis cannot be excluded based on a negative admission test result. Both RDTs are useful in conjunction with other confirmatory tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]],"date-time":"2017-01-30T09:58:05Z","timestamp":1485770285000},"page":"154-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Diagnostic value of two commercial chromatographic \u201cpatient\u2010side\u201d tests in the diagnosis of acute canine leptospirosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"C. I.","family":"Gloor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern  Bern 3012 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Schweighauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern  Bern 3012 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6693-5365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Francey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern  Bern 3012 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty University Bern  Bern 3012 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Vidondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty University Bern  Bern 3097 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Bigler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3007, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Schuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern  Bern 3012 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2005.66.1780"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"STARD 2015: updated reporting guidelines for all diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"4","author":"Bossuyt P. 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