{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T07:39:42Z","timestamp":1784360382807,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the outcome and safety of surgically placed artificial urethral sphincters in male dogs with urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included dogs with urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence treated by placing an artificial urethral sphincter from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017. The continence score (scale 1 to 5, with 5 indicating complete continence) was evaluated before and after implantation. Follow\u2010up information was obtained from the institution's medical records (short\u2010term up to 12\u2009months) and questionnaires were completed by telephone (long\u2010term \u226512\u2009months) for evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical therapy was unsuccessful in 18 dogs and unknown in one dog before the artificial urethral sphincter placement. Short\u2010term continence improved in 16 of the 19 (84%) dogs. Four patients were lost to follow\u2010up. Nine of 15 (60%) dogs showed long\u2010term continence improvement, eight of 15 (53%) remained completely continent. The median follow\u2010up was 1785 (range 2 to 3234) days. The complication rate was 56% (9\/16). Minor complications, including haematoma, stranguria\/temporary dyssynergia and mild inflammation at the port, were reported in four of 16 (25%) dogs. Five of 16 (31%) experienced major complications, including stranguria\/mechanical urethral obstruction, persistent dyssynergia, fistula at the port and port rotation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Artificial urethral sphincter placement is a valid option for treating incontinent male dogs that show an insufficient response or become refractory to medical or other prior surgical management. A high\u2010complication rate is associated with this procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T13:53:41Z","timestamp":1641909221000},"page":"397-402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Artificial urethral sphincter in male dogs with urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence: 19 cases (2010\u20132017)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4979-8119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Bohlen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Norderstedt Kabels Stieg 41 Norderstedt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Nickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Norderstedt Kabels Stieg 41 Norderstedt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.139.22.542"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2018.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2004.65.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00978.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb02927.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.0759.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6220"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2012.01040.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2012.01228.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6709"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.02.216","article-title":"Comparison of stressed simultaneous urethral pressure profiles between anesthetized continent and incontinent bitches with urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence","volume":"54","author":"Gregory S. 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