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Osteoarthritis causes the remodelling of synovial joints, alongside inflammation and impaired mechanical function which can be extremely debilitating. Secondary osteoarthritis commonly affects dogs and can be exacerbated by previous joint abnormalities, such as patellar luxation or cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Although musculoskeletal diseases can affect dogs of any age, the early subtle signs of gait abnormalities are perhaps missed by owners, thus, dogs may be in the latter stages of osteoarthritis progression when they are presented to veterinarians. Dogs showing subtle signs of gait abnormalities must be presented to veterinary practices for acute diagnosis to prevent long\u2010term deterioration. Musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease, are commonly diagnosed\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    visible radiographic changes. However, veterinarians can use a combination of subjective and objective clinical scoring systems, such as clinical metrology instruments and gait assessment in conjunction with radiography to aid their diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of musculoskeletal diseases. These scoring systems may be more sensitive to earlier signs of mobility impairments in dogs, ultimately, promoting increased canine health and welfare by enabling pain reduction, improvement of muscle strength and preservation of joint function. Current canine mobility scoring systems available to veterinarians will be discussed in turn throughout this review for implementation into clinical practice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,16]],"date-time":"2023-07-16T23:29:56Z","timestamp":1689550196000},"page":"599-610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["An update on mobility assessment of dogs with musculoskeletal disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2101-7941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Liverpool William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street Liverpool L7 8TX UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5244-6042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Comerford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Liverpool William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street Liverpool L7 8TX UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/3155-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-48247-9.00033-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-02647-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-019-0465-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23940-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.230.4.514"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2009.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09593985.2013.830349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13390"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12479"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2020.105198"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1988.tb02286.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200403000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632766"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2004.65.1497"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(02)00053-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3920\/CEP200067"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.3.271"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u2010950X.2011.00932.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der171"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1117-1936.173959"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","unstructured":"Boyd S.(2014)Orthopaedic examination of the canine patient. 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