{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:56:38Z","timestamp":1789660598298,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Angiostrongylosis is a significant differential for a diverse range of clinical signs in dogs, many of whom present acutely and sometimes with fatal consequences. Point\u2010of\u2010care diagnostic assays include a commercially available <jats:italic>Angiostrongylus vasorum<\/jats:italic> qualitative direct lateral flow assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case records from one referral centre from dogs with an invalid <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> lateral flow assay, comprising an absent control line alongside a visible test line, were reviewed. As control line failure was hypothesised to be due to antigen excess; where available the <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> lateral flow assay was repeated using dilutions of the original serum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six dogs had an invalid <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> lateral flow assay result. Five dogs had presented with acute\u2010onset, severe clinical disease consistent with angiostrongylosis, and one dog was a clinically healthy in\u2010contact. Clinical suspicion of angiostrongylosis was confirmed using alternative diagnostic testing and\/or response to treatment. Repetition of the <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> lateral flow assay, in four cases, using diluted plasma (10% to 12.5% v\/v) resulted in the appearance of a control line alongside the visible test line.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>A heavy burden of <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> infection resulting in angiostrongylosis should be suspected in dogs with compatible clinical signs and an invalid <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> lateral flow assay result due to control failure alongside a visible test line. Repetition of the test with a diluted serum may be considered to account for the hook effect, also known as the postzone phenomenon, as a possible cause.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T03:54:16Z","timestamp":1709610856000},"page":"243-250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Control line failure in <i>Angiostrongylus vasorum<\/i> point\u2010of\u2010care serology test in dogs with angiostrongylosis due to\u00a0suspected hook effect"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6293-6662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. N.","family":"Barker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Langford Vets Small Animal Referral Hospital, Langford House  Langford BS40 5DU UK"},{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School University of Bristol, Langford House  Langford BS40 5DU UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6057-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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